中文摘要 |
小說的內容多描述過去的事情,句末形態也以表示過去的「TA形」為主,但也可見非過去的「RU形」,是日語學習者在理解文章時感到疑惑的問題之一。本論文根據「考量運用能力的語學知識」(王2018a)的提案,利用「整體內容及構成要素」「重視文章脈絡的概念」「領域別的觀點」之研究觀點進行考察。具體而言,從句末形態及文章結構角度探討小說中「RU形」的使用情形與原因,希望能為日語教育現場提供建議。調查結果,得到主要結論如下:a.經常性現象、外界描寫、背景及狀況的說明容易使用RU形,其句末形態多為TEIRU、I、DA。b.心中話語容易使用RU形,從屬度高的句子使用RU形的必然性也高。c.SHITA的句子是故事的主要脈絡,表示連續發生的動作,不易使用RU形。d.但若後續內容有TA形的句子作結束,則亦有可能使用RU形。 Novels often revolve around things that had happened in the past, with sentences usually written in past tense ended in the“TA-form''. Yet, there are also sentences in the“RU-form''. Japanese learners are often confused about this issue. This study explored the usage of the“RU-form'' in novels and the reasons from the perspectives of sentence endings and article structures, to hopefully provide relevant suggestions for Japanese education practices. The main findings are summarized below: a. When describing a regular phenomenon, a repeated behavior, an environment, a background, or a condition, it is common to use sentences in the RU-form mostly with endings such as TEIRU, I, and DA. b. When describing thoughts in one's mind, the RU-form is liked to be adopted. The possibility to adopt the RU-form is higher for sentences with high subordination. c. Sentences with“SHITA'' used in a novel are often related to the main context of the novel, describing consecutive actions. These sentences usually are not ended in the RU-form. d. However, if there are sentences in the TA-form in the following context, sentences ended in the RU-form may also be used. |