「日語談話資料庫（CSJ）」中 「課題指向対話」發話文體的分析－從禮貌觀點來看

Analysis of speech level in ''the task point talks'' by CSJ (Corpus of Spontaneous Japanese): From the viewpoint of Politeness theory

本研究是採用自然言語，也就是「日語談話資料庫（英文名稱為Corpus of Spontaneous Japanese；這邊省略為CSJ）」的「課題指向対話」來觀察發話文體（speech 1eve1）的選擇，並記錄變化情況的事例研究。特別著眼在性別的因素如何影響其結果，並使用Brown & Levinson（1987）的禮貌理論來考察。調查如以下所示。（1）各發話文體（speech 1eve1）的出現頻率和特徵，（2）約10分鐘會話中以宏觀水準來觀察發話文體轉變（speech level shift）的特徵，（3）和性別的關連性來作量和質的分析和考察。分析的結果則是對待女性的訪談者，男性使用desu體的比率較高。da體和desu體所附加的終助詞種類和出現頻度，文中出現的插入句，劇烈的發話文體轉變以及不安定的轉變等，都和女性呈現不同的結果。

This study, based on the corpus of Spontaneous Japanese (CSJ), adapts ”the task point talks” to examine the choice of speech level and also keeps records of gender differences in this use of languages. Politeness theory (Borwn & Levison, 1987) is also taken to analyze such linguistic phenomenon.Three aspects of speech level are examined: (1) the frequency and features of different speech level (2) the shift of speech level in ten-minute conversation, and (3) the qualitative and quantitative analysis in terms of gender. Below are the following findings: Male subjects, when interlocution with the opposite sex, tend to adopt DESU speech level more frequently. Moreover, significant differences of gender were found in terms of the postpositional word attached to DA level and DESU level and the frequency that appears, a parenthesis appearing in the sentence, speech level shift acutely, and unstable shift.