教育領導定義、取向與分析方法之研究

Definitions, Approaches and Analytic Methods for Educational Leadership

領導定義闡述領導發生的要義，領導取向簡述領導理論或研究發展的成果，但是論者對兩者看法分歧，且有關的理論基礎和方法討論不足。對此聚焦分析教育領導定義和領導取向的相關理論和方法課題，發現領導定義多元且分歧，以領導要素為基礎，提出領導DNA概念架構和分析方法，可了解領導定義類型。又領導取向觀點紛雜且用語多元，採用可視化理念，提出領導取向發展剖面圖和共識區間，結合引用分析及其他資訊檢索技術，可校對領導取向的發展時間，另提出領導理論和取向演化圖，能描繪領導理論和領導取向演化脈絡關係。而領導學結合其他學科產生許多新觀點和影響，但探討不足。再者依據領導理論和領導取向的關係，提出有關領導取向的內容構成和特性、領導取向產生觀點和方式、生成高階領導取向等理論性論述，另闡述領導取向和領導理論的轉化關係，提出兩階段做法，以考驗領導取向觀點品質、建構新領導取向或領導理論、或調整領導取向觀點。

Definitions of leadership illustrate critical elements about leading. Leadership approaches describe the results of leadership theories and developments of leadership researches. However discussions about theoretical base and methodical issues on leadership definition and approach were few. So the study focused on exploring the related theories and analytic methods concerned with the definition and approach of educational leadership. Results showed definitions of leadership were various and different. Based upon leadership critical elements, leadership DNA conceptual frame and analytic methods were provided to understand the typology of leadership definition. Moreover researchers proposed complex viewpoints about leadership approach, and used various terminologies to describe leadership approach. Using visualization, profile of leadership approach (PLA) and 80% consensus area (CA) were provided to correct the developing period of leadership approach with citation analysis and other information retrieval technologies, as well as the evolutionary display for leadership theory and leadership approach (EDL) could use to illustrate the evolutionary networks of leadership theories and leadership approaches. Combined leadership with other disciplines have produced several new disciplines which bring some new viewpoints of leadership and influence leadership development, but related discussions concerned these new disciplines are few. Finally according to the relations between leadership theory and leadership approach, some theoretical discourses about content and attribute of leadership approach, generation views and forms of leadership approach as well as construction of high order leadership approach were all showed. Besides, grounded on the transformative relationships between leadership approach and leadership theory, some two-stage operations were proposed to test the quality of leadership ap- proach, build new leadership approach or new leadership theory, or modify the content of leadership approach.