冷戰與東亞安全架構的起源﹕以「美日安全保障條約」為中心（1947－1970）

Cold War and the Origin of the East Asian Security System: On the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan(1947-1970)

本文旨在闡述戰後美國東亞政策的內涵以及美日同盟對深化東亞安全架構的實質影響。為此，本文首先探討圍堵政策為何成為戰後美國推動東亞政策的核心理念，以及美日兩國如何因此一理念而可化敵為友並締結美日安全保障條約。復次，再分析1950年代末期的岸信介總理堅持鞏固美日同盟卻必須以修訂安全保障條約為前提之緣由，以及在他推動安保修約的過程中，所遭遇的困難和對策。最後聚焦於1960年代末期的佐藤榮作總理如何向美國保證，收回琉球不會影響東亞的安全架構，以及分擔美國在亞洲的軍事防務、積極支援臺灣與韓國的經濟發展，成為佐藤外交中的重要內容之始末。尤其前者，專論日本如何讓原本美軍駐琉球軍事基地的功能，隨著琉球回歸日本，已擴大由日本全國來承擔之經緯。後者探討他所推動的反共經援外交，對締造臺韓兩國高度經濟成長及促成東亞地區成為全世界最耀眼新興工業區塊的貢獻。

The study firstly discusses why containment policy became the core concept of United States' post-war East Asia policy and how the United States buried the hatchet with Japan under the context of this concept. Secondly, the study examines why, at the end of 1950s, Nobusuke Kishi insisted that the consolidation of the United States-Japan alliance should be put under the prerequisite of revising the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan. The study also discusses the difficulties Nobusuke Kishi encountered during the process of revising the treaty and gives examples of his solutions to those problems. Lastly, the study focuses on Eisaku Sato's guarantee to the United States that the Ryukyu Reversion would not weaken the East Asia security structure. The study further examines why Eisaku Sato made sharing the burden of East Asia's military defense with the United States, participating in the containment to People's Republic of China, supporting the economic development of Taiwan and Korea became some of the most important parts of his diplomatic policy by the end of 1960s.