太宰治「清貧譚」試論──登場人物的改寫與同時代東亞情勢之關連

Study on “Seihintan＂ by Osamu Dazai - Correlation between the Rewriting of Characters and the Situation in East Asia at the Same Time -

太宰治「清貧譚」（『新潮』1941.1），乃以「聊齋誌異中的一篇」（筆者注：「黃英」）為基底，由「二十世紀日本作家」「發揮不遜之幻想」改寫而成之「創作」。作品中確實能看到「異類婚‧報恩這個承襲自原著之主題」，隨著故事發展亦可結論為「發揮異於常人的種菊能力，讓一家朝富饒方向發展之報恩譚」。然而，太宰治所改寫之三位登場人物言行，卻隱隱透露著與「充滿愛情」的「報恩譚」格格不入之感。本研究首先聚焦於登場人物之言行，透過與原著之間的差異，點出「奇妙的」「一家三口」構圖與同時代東亞情勢之接點。爾後，檢討「清貧」一詞的反語要素，勾勒出隱藏於「新體制」之「浪漫主義」口號的背後，實則暗藏著戰爭期日本的政治經濟（現實）問題。在中日關係緊張之際，刻意取材於中國「古典文學」，「創作」諷刺內閣鼓吹之「新體制」作品，正可謂「二十世紀日本作家」「不遜」之作為。

Osamu Dazai's “Seihintan＂ ([Xin Zhao] 1941.1) is based on one piece (Huang Ying) of Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio and is a rewritten “creation” of “wild imagination” of “a Japanese writer in the 20^(th) century” (I) Since the rewriting is significant, we find that most studies in the literature are comparative papers of the original work and related to the writers' attitude during the period of the war after comparison and writing intention. Based on the literature, when studying the work, it is a common view to not follow the literal “Qing Ping” of Saino Suke. The literature is full of studies on the relationship among the characters. Of particular note is “Type of the strange story of Japanese marriage” that was proposed by Kimura Sayo (2012.3). As for “the topic strange marriage‧gratitude from the original work”, it literally appears in Osamu Dazai's “Seihintan”. The whole work can be concluded as exhibiting an “exceptional chrysanthemum planting capacity, the tale of gratitude to glorify the family”. However, when we probe into the behavior of the three characters revised by Osamu Dazai, we recognize the conflict with “the tale of gratitude” This study thus focuses on the behavior of characters. First, we compare the difference and similarity with the original work. For a “new system”, we explore the meanings in the same period and analyze the underlying complicated and profound political issue of East Asia from this “tale of gratitude” of “love stories” during that era.