日語外來語詞素「－コン」

The Loanword morpheme “ -con＂ in Japanese

日語縮略詞中，後項詞素是外來語詞根「コン」的複合縮略詞相當多，例如「エアコン」「パソコン」「マザコン」「ミスコン」等。然而，這些具有生產性的後項詞素「－コン」事實上彼此並不具有相同語義，而是一種同音意義的關係。本論文首先從語義層面確認位於複合縮略詞的後項詞素「－コン」之語意。其次，從構詞法、構詞能力、縮略語詞的縮略法、結合對象等構詞觀點來探討「－コン」做為日語詞素的構詞特徵等。經考察，確認了「－コン」其同音異義的原詞根包含「コンサート」、「コンピューター」「コンパ」等34個；另，依據「－コン」的構詞特徵，闡明了含有後項縮略詞根「－コン」其最典型的構詞型態為：（前後項詞素部分省略之短縮法所形成之）[2音節外来語詞素+コン]。最後，透過與宮島（1972=1994）的「無意味形態素」及「ロケ」「レジ」等外来語縮略詞根之對比考察，分析「－コン」的本質，並論述「－コン」在日語中是屬於縮略形拘束詞根詞素的定位。

Many of the rear constituents of abbreviation compound words in Japanese are the loanword morpheme”-CON”, such as “EAKON”, “PASOKON”, “MAZAKON”, “MISUKON” and so on. However, all of the abbreviation compound words with rear constituent “-CON” mentioned above actually don't mean the same. They are homophones. The study will clarify the meaning of the compound abbreviation “-CON” which is the rear constituent from the semantic order first. Then, investigating the essence of Japanese morpheme “-CON” from the viewpoint of the word formation rules, word formation ability, the rule of abbreviation and the collocations to discuss the feature of the word formation of “-CON” being the Japanese morpheme. The study confirmed that there are 34 original bases of the homonym of “-CON” including “KONSATO”, “KONPYUTA” and “KONPA”. In addition, according to the feature of the word formation of “-CON”, we could sort out that the most classical word formation pattern which includes abbreviation rear constituent “-CON” is (abbreviations by omitting part of the front and rear constituents) [loanword morpheme with two syllables+ CON]. And last, analyze the essence of “-CON” and discuss its position being a part of the abbreviation of bound morpheme through the comparative analysis of “Unsemantic Morpheme” and the loanword abbreviation base “ROKE” and “REJI” by Miyajima (1972=1994).