選手壓力來源、焦慮及因應策略關係之研究──以大專運動會網球選手為例

A Study of Stress, Anxiety and Coping Strategies-- An Example of Collegiate Tennis Players

本研究目的旨在探討大專網球選手壓力來源、焦慮及因應策略之關係。問卷調查以大專運動會網球選手為對象，以立意抽樣發放問卷320份，有效問卷296份，回收資料透過以描述性統計、皮爾森積差相關及多元迴歸進行分析。研究結果發現：1.大專運動員較常感受到壓力來源為運動表現，其中又以自己的失誤為主要壓力源；2.競賽壓力源與焦慮能顯著正向預測趨近策略與規避策略；3.競賽壓力源與認知焦慮能顯著正向預測規避策略；4.競賽壓力源與身體焦慮能顯著負向預測趨近策略及整體壓力因應策略。根據上述研究結果，建議大專網球選手應了解自己的壓力源及不同類型焦慮，方能提升運動表現。

The purpose of this research is to explore relationship among the cause of stress, anxiety and coping strategies in collegiate tennis athletes. A questionnaire survey was administered. A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed, of which 296 were valid. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson product-moment correlation analysis and multiple hierarchical regression analysis. The results are as follows :(a)The major cause of stress for collegiate athletes is athletic performance, especially the mistake they made；(b)Stress from the competition and anxiety can significantly and positively predict the approaching and avoidance coping strategies；(c) Stress from the competition and cognitive anxiety can significantly and positively predict the avoidance coping strategy；(d) Stress from the competition and physical anxiety can significantly and positively predict the approaching coping and the overall stress coping strategies. In accordance with conclusions of this research, athletes can possibly enhance their performance by realizing their stress and different kinds of anxiety.