簡析設計專利法對文化創意產業的保護

Brief Analysis of Design Patent Law Protection for Cultural and Creative Industries

專利法作為智慧財產保障制度內的核心要角，如何在自由競爭的狀態，對於文化創意產業加以保障，是本文主要探討的問題。文化創意產業的創意表現形式複雜，本文的主要視角為設計專利。當文化創意產業中，具有符合《專利法》法定要件的文創產品，經過專利申請並經核准後，即可受《專利法》保護。然而如果嚴守專利權屬地主義，將會遭遇文化經濟的國際趨勢與全球多元文化的衝擊，而面臨無從適應時代巨輪的窘境。因此是否應該堅持專利權屬地主義則是專利權於文化創意產業在國際保護的難題。比較法上，美國已建立了擴張專利權效力的實體私法規範，並使得在此基礎上的涉及法域外事件可以主張國際民事裁判管轄權，並得以美國法律為準據法。因此突破專利權屬地主義，並非如傳統見解所稱不可想像的存在，且深深影響著整個跨域專利訴訟環節，包含專利的裁判管轄權、法律選擇適用，乃至於判決承認與執行。因此在積極發展文化創意產業之時，應值得考慮相關的外國立法例與案例，以正視文化創意產業中繼踵而至的挑戰，並從中檢視法律的相關保障是否足夠，以作為文化創意產業發展政策的強力支援後盾。

As the core corner of intelligent property security system, how to protect the cultural and creative industries is the main problem in this paper. The creative expression of cultural creative industry is complex, but at this stage it is not a technical level, under this condition, the object protected by patent law is limited to the design part, so the main perspective of this paper is design patent. When the cultural and creative industries, with the statutory requirements of the Patent Law, the creation of products, after patent applications and approval, can be protected by the Patent Law. However, if we strictly abide by the patent territorialism, we will encounter the international trend of cultural economy and the impact of global multiculturalism, and face the dilemma of the times. Therefore, whether or not to adhere to patent territorialism is a difficult problem for the protection of cultural and creative industries. In comparative law, the United States has established the substantive private law norms for the extension of patent effect, and made it possible to assert international civil jurisdiction in relation to extraterritorial events on this basis, and to be able to govern the law of the United States law. Therefore, breaking through patent territorialism is not as the traditional opinion called the unthinkable existence, and deeply affects the whole cross-domain patent litigation link, including the jurisdiction of the patent, the application of legal choice, and even the judgment recognition and enforcement. Therefore, when our country actively develops the cultural and creative industries, it is worth considering the relevant foreign legislation and cases, in order to face up to the challenges of cultural and creative industries, and to examine whether the relevant protection of the law is sufficient, as a strong support for the development policy of cultural and creative industries.