挖掘機吊掛能力之初步探討

A Preliminary Investigation for Lifting Capacity of Excavator

異戊二烯為橡膠工業中重要的原料之一，其相關應用被廣泛研究，但卻鮮少有關其安全資訊方面研究，2011年高雄發生異戊二烯與氧化鋁燒熔太空包事件，引起相關產業的注意。本研究利用微差掃描熱卡計（differential scanning calorimetry, DSC）分析異戊二烯之危害特性，工作內容包含異戊二烯的熱分析、異戊二烯混和氧化鋁放熱反應與異戊二烯混入不相性物質的放熱特性探討，以提供主管機關及產業界參考。結果顯示異戊二烯本身具有易燃性與不穩定性的危害，應避免接觸不相容性物質，本研究結果顯示當失控反應發生時，其放熱量達1,100 J/g，本研究成果將有助於提升產業之製程安全管理。

The paper investigates in stability and structure strength for excavator hanging work. Advanced countries have admitted the regulation to use excavators for hanging work. In practice, the excavator in the construction field is necessary for lifting materials to avoid excavator tip or permanent damage, it needs to investigate the safety of excavators implementation of hanging basis in the operation from the engineering view. The paper use analytical method to investigate the excavators mechanics and structure strength for hanging work. The change of gravity centers in various attitudes can be obtained from kinematic analysis, the internal forces and moment per unit lifting weight can be used to determine the corresponding critical capacity. Substituting internal forces and moment into the finite element model of joints for stress analysis gives stress distribution in components. The critical load for material strength of excavator structure can be obtained. Wind load, inertial force, impact, and hydraulic ability are not taken into consideration in this preliminary study. This paper results that the lifting capability due to stability is less than that due to structural strength. However, lifting ability due to tipping can be larger than that due to structural failure in some regions neighboring to machine and the excavator is particularly vulnerable to overturning in other regions. Also, this paper compares analytical results with capability provided by the manufacturer of excavators to analyze physical means of his data.