學校學習環境指標建構對校長推動教學領導的啟示

The Study of Constructing Learning Environment Indicators for Principals’ Instruction Leadership

本研究將探討學習環境的意義內涵與指標，期望藉由提供校長推動教學領導優化學習環境的策略，達到有效提升學生學習成效的目的。其次，本研究根據「學習環境」的現場實踐，歸納為三個向度：教室環境布置、師生互動方式、良好學習氛圍，組合發展成為「學習環境評鑑量表」共18題；並從新北市公立國中學生隨機抽樣257名學生進行問卷調查。第三，本研究之學習環境的各指標經鑑別度分析、信度考驗、效度考驗分析後，研究發現：1.「學習環境量表各指標」的鑑別力分析考驗結果佳，鑑別度高。2.「學習環境量表各指標」的內部一致性分析考驗結果佳，量表之信度高。3.「學習環境量表各指標」的各向度的相關程度佳，量表之內在結構良好。4.評鑑指標的驗證性因素分析考驗結果顯示學習環境與三向度之結構模式有良好的建構效度存在，顯示出其建構效度佳。綜合以上，本研究發現優化學習環境以活化教學的策略來實踐，在學習環境量表與三個向度「教室環境布置」、「師生互動方式」、「良好學習氛圍」的指標皆佳，適合作為校長推動教學領導的參考與使用。

The main purpose of this study is to construct learning environment indicators for instruction leadership. Firstly， there are consisting of three dimensions: (1) classroom decoration， (2)teacher-student interaction， (3) learning atmosphere. Secondly， “The Index of The Learning Environment Questionnaire” was adopted as the methods to collect the data from 257 students in junior high school in New Taipei City for the study. Statistical methods and confirmatory factor analysis were adopted to analyze collected data. The main findings are as follows: (1) According to critical ratio analysis， the item discrimination is good. (2) The Cronbach’s analysis shows good reliability. (3) The fit indexes such as SRMR， GFI， RMSEA， IFI， TLI， CFI， PGFI， PNFI， PCFI， X2/DF all show good suitability and fitness of the dimensions and items. Thirdly， after conducting difficulty analysis， reliability and validity analysis， the major findings of the study were as follows:1. Index of the learning environment has a good reliability; 2. Every dimension of the learning environment has a good reliability; 3. Every dimension of the learning environment has a good relation and inner construct. 4. Result of the confirmatory factor analysis reveals that the learning environment and the three dimensions have a good construct validity. In conclusion， the index of the learning environment questionnaire and the three dimensions of the learning environment theory， classroom decoration， interaction of teacher-student， learning atmosphere are suitable for reference and applicable in the instruction leadership of the principal. Optimization learning environment is a good idea for school management， principals of schools can also practice this strategy for instruction leadership in managing school.