家庭、自我概念與青少年偏差行為

Family, Self-concept and Deviant Behaviors of Adolescents

本研究主要的目的是瞭解家庭因素—特別是家人關係、青少年自我概念和其偏差行為之間的因果關係。為了解其真實的關係，本研究尚引進其它的變項，如學校因素、不良同儕的交往等為控制變項。研究樣本以分層隨機抽樣的方式，在台北地區各抽選一所國中、高中以及高職學校學生30人與曾被學校記過的學生30人為研究對象，分別進行問卷調查與個別訪談。資料經迴歸分析後，發現家庭對青少年的自我概念的確有顯著的直接影響，但家庭和自我概念對偏差行為則無直接顯著的影響。其它的社會控制變項，如討厭受訪者的老師人數，以及受訪者的信念、交往的不良同儕和身體狀況對受訪者的偏差行為則有直接顯著的影響。其中以討厭受訪者的老師人數影響力最大；討厭受訪者的老師人數愈多，受訪者的偏差行為則愈多。家庭乃是經由影響青少年和老師的互動及不良同儕的交往，間接影響其偏差行為。

This study aims to identify the causal relationships among family, especial family relationship, self-concept and deviant behaviors of adolescents. Survey data are collected from sixty students, randomly selected from two general and delinquent groups of junior and senior high schools in Taipei area by interviews and questionnaires. Various statistics are used to analyze the data. Several variables are introduced as control variables in regression analyses. The data show that family relationship indeed influences self-concept of youths. However, self-concept does not have a direct effect on deviant behaviors of adolescents. Hostile environment of school, delinquent peers, physical health and beliefs all have direct effects on deviant behaviors of adolescents. Furthermore, hostile environment of school is the most important factor. Hostile environment of school, delinquent peers and physical health all are directly influenced by family relationships.