家庭結構、家庭關係與青少年偏差行為探討

Family Structure, Family Relationships, and Delinquency

本研究嘗試以實證資料探討家庭與青少年偏差行為的關係，過去犯罪學有關家庭與青少年偏差行為的探討甚多，但往往局限在單純的破碎家庭與家庭關係的討論，缺少家庭過程的分析，本研究試圖彌補過去研究的缺失，試圖剖析家庭內涵與青少年偏差行為的關係。研究樣本來自普通學校的學生，以及來自少年法庭與少年監獄的犯罪少年，共計107位參與。研究發現如下：（1）家庭結構與青少年偏差行為有關，結構完整者的偏差行為較少，而結構不完整者的偏差行為較多；（2）家庭氣氛、親子間的衝突、親子間溝通互動頻率、親子間親密度與彼此間的信賴與瞭解等皆與青少年偏差行為有關；（3）家庭結構與偏差行為的關係中有部分來自其與家庭關係互動的結果；（4）家庭關係對青少年偏差行為的作用直接而明顯。總之，本研究認為青少年偏差行為的研究應跳出過去家庭結構與家庭關係理論競爭的窠臼，而重視家庭結構與家庭關係的互動過程，以及其對青少年偏差行為的影響。

This paper intends to address the relationship between family and delinquency. Previous researches are mostly concerned with the independent effects of family structure and family relationships on delinquency. There is a lack of effort on the interrelated effects between family structure and relationships on delinquency. Our research intends to study delinquency from this perspective. A total of 107 samples were collected. Major findings are:(1) Family structure is related to delinquency, with children from intact families experiencing less delinquency, and children from broken families experiencing more delinquency. However, a significant part of its effects is from its interaction with family relationships. (2) Family relationships, such as: family atmosphere, kinship conflict, communication, and mutual trust and understanding are related to delinquency. The effects are direct and significant. In sum, we argue that criminologists should focus on the interactive nature of family structure and family relationships on delinquency, rather than on the theoretical competition between these two important family factors.