統合分析於護理實務之應用

The Use of Meta-Analysis in Nursing Practice

實證照護(evidence-based practice)是當代醫療照護強調的重點，其所秉持的理念為以科學研究所得到的資料為依據，應用在臨床決策及病人照護上，以促進醫療照護品質。統合分析(meta analysis)是運用量性分析方式，客觀地整合相同及不同的研究結果，協助臨床醫護人員執行臨床決策過程，為臨床人員提供實證照護的實證來源之一。進行統合分析時首先應先確認所要探討的問題及研究資料納入分析的標準，且設定明確及系統性的研究分析步驟，以免發生結果偏差。應用統合分析結果時，亦必須注意統合分析研究者清楚的定義研究問題，以及方法學是否嚴謹正確。

Evidence-based practice is emphasized in current modern medical care and is the systematic process to gather and use research findings in clinical decisions and patient care in order to improve the quality of medical care. Meta-analysis is a quantitative research method that integrates similar or different research results. Defining the major research problem, establishing the inclusion criteria, and setting research processes are the first steps to reducing bias. Moreover, determination of clearly-defined research questions and methodologic issues are necessary when interpreting the findings of a meta-analysis. The integrated findings of meta-analyses of research studies related to patient care and clinical care settings can provide information that can be applied in such settings and assist health providers in their clinical decision-making.