某護專學生因應行為與健康狀況相關因素之探討

Exploring the Coping Behavior and Health Status of the Nursing Students

本研究主要的目的為探討某護專學生因應行為，及其對身心健康狀況的影響。針對原住民與非原住民學生採分層比例隨機抽樣。以結構式問卷調查方式收集622名護專學生（包含非原住民327名及原住民295名）。並將資料譯碼，採用SPSS套裝軟體，進行統計分析處理。運用的統計方法包括百分比、平均值、標準差、t-檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關、及典型相關分析。研究結果顯示：(1)因應行為部分，非原住民與原住民學生兩者皆以採用「問題為導向」的因應行為頻率較高，且兩組間在因應行為上有統計學上顯著性的差異。(2)健康狀況方面，非原住民及原住民學生皆以「身體健康」較佳；而「心理健康」較差。且兩組間的「身體健康」與「心理健康」達到統計上的顯著差異。(3)在基本屬性與因應行為的關係呈現，年級、年齡、畢業後是否繼續升學、自覺健康、及自覺壓力與「因應行為」呈現顯著的差異。(4)在基本屬性與健康狀況的關係呈現，年級、年齡、族別、自覺健康、及自覺壓力與「健康狀況」有顯著性差異。(5)「情緒導向」與身體、心理、及社會健康呈現顯著性負相關。而「問題導向」與心理健康呈正相關 (p< .05)。(6)因應行為對護專學生健康狀況的預測，可解釋其總變異量的59.51％。本研究結果可提供訊息予衛生教育專家針對輔導不同族群青少年學生之因應行為及其身心影響狀況的參考。

The aim of this study was to investigate the coping behavior and health status of the nursing students. Six hundred and twenty-two students, including 327 non-aboriginal and 295 aboriginal students, were sampled from a nursing institute. Data were collected by a structured questionnaire and analyzed with appropriate statistical methods. The results showed that both non-aboriginal and aboriginal students were more often to utilize problem-oriented coping behavior, and both non-aboriginal and aboriginal students were better in physical health than in psychological health. The coping behavior and health status were associated with age, grade, continuing education after graduation, self-perception health status, and self-perception stress. Emotion-oriented coping behavior negatively related to physical, psychological and social health. About 60% of the variance of coping behavior can be explained by health status. The study results enabled health educators to better understand the coping behavior and health status of the adolescence with different cultural backgrounds.