臺灣大學生與警察接觸經驗和影響警察信心程度之成因探究

Taiwanese College Students' Cpontacts with the Police and Factors Shaping Their Trust in the Police

2014年3月份，因為《兩岸服貿協定》（Cross Strait Service Trade Agreement，CSSTA）在立法院的匆促審議，引發了以大學生為首的「太陽花學運」，霸佔立法院長達21天，期間還發生多次的警察與學生衝突與對峙的場面，例如：「324警方驅離行政院行動」、「411學生包圍中正一分局行動」等。這一連串的學運風潮，不禁讓人興起一個長期以來被遺忘的議題：大學生對於警察的接觸經驗以及信心程度為何？為填補此一文獻的缺漏，本研究利用西方社會所發展的人口變項、鄰里脈絡、警民接觸經驗與媒體影響等四個因素群，探究影響台灣地區大學生對於警察信心程度之因子。運用立意抽樣的方式，研究者利用2014年2月與3月（太陽花學運發生前）間，透過六所大學任教教授的協助，對於各班授課班上課學生進行「大學生對於警察人員服務意見調查」，成功獲得741位受試大學生。研究顯示，將近一半的大學生在過去一年曾經有與警察接觸的機會，其中七成都是一次接觸經驗。在接觸經驗中，主動與警察接觸者和被動與警察接觸者，比例都接近一半。整體而言，大部份的受訪大學生對於警察尚持正面的印象。經由多元回歸分析的結果發現，失序行為、集體效能、被害恐懼感等鄰里脈絡因素群，顯著地預測大學生對於警察的信任程度與工作表現滿意度；此外，主修社會科學的大學生也顯著地表達了較佳的警察信任程度，而女性大學生、有被害經驗者以及就讀新北市境內大學的大學生，則表達了較低的警察工作表現滿意度。

Following a unilateral move by ruling party Kuomintang (KMT, Chinese Nationalist Party) legislators to forcibly pass the Cross Strait Service Trade Agreement (CSSTA) at the Legislative Yuan on March 17th, 2014, a coalition of college students stormed the Legislative Yuan on March 18th and occupied the Legislature Hall in protest of the passing action. The protests known as The Sunflower Student Movement continued for 21 days and several significant conflicts occurred. The majority of previous studies on interactions between police and the public have inquired citizens; therefore, we chose to research attitudes concerning the police from the perspective of college students. Using data collected in February and March from 6 universities prior to the Sunflower Student Movement, 741 college student evaluations of local police were thoroughly reviewed. Results indicated that over 68% of respondents had contact experiences with police in the 12 months prior to being surveyed. Among those respondents who experienced contact, 48% reported citizen-initial contacts and 52% reported being contacted by police involuntarily. Meanwhile, OLS regressions revealed that disorder, fear of crime, and collective efficacy significantly shaped students' views of police across two domains: 1. confidence in the police and 2. satisfaction with police performance. In particular, students who majored in social science tended to hold higher levels of confidence in the police, whereas females, victims of violence, and students who studied in New Taipei reported lower levels of satisfaction with police performance in their community.