三價鉻離子補充對女子籃球選手運動後葡萄糖吸收能力之影響

Effect of trivalent chromium supplementation on glucose tolerance in female basketball players after exercise training

目的：本研究的主要目的為觀察運動訓練時合併三價鉻離子補充，對於優秀女子大專籃球選手葡萄糖耐受度與胰島素敏感度之影響。方法：14名中華電信之女子大專甲組籃球選手參與本研究，依據體重隨機配對分為兩組：鉻離子補充組（Chromium,Cr3+,n=6）、安慰劑對照組（Placebo,P,n=8）。鉻離子補充劑量為每日500微克之chromiumpicolinate於三餐後服用，採雙盲實驗設計。於口服葡萄糖耐受度試驗（oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT）前測後，進行兩日的籃球專項之例行性訓練合併補充三價鉻離子與安慰劑，並於第三日早晨進行OGTT後測，並分析兩組前後測血糖、胰島素反應及肌酸激酶（CK）濃度。結果：兩天籃球例行訓練顯著使前後測GAUC（glucose-area under curve）與IAUC（insulin–area under curve）之變化率呈現負向趨勢，顯示身體胰島素敏感度與葡萄糖耐受度提高。此外，補充三價鉻離子使血液CK濃度變化率顯著提高，顯示肌肉細胞損傷增加。結論：本研究發現短期籃球運動訓練可提高籃球運動員的胰島素敏感度與葡萄糖耐受度，但三價鉻離子於運動訓練時補充可能導致肌肉細胞損傷增加並降低身體醣類吸收儲存能力。

Purpose: The purpose of present study was to investigate the effect of the combination of exercise training and trivalent chromium supplement on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in female college elite basketball players. Methods: Fourteen female elite basketball players were balance with body weight and divided into two groups: trivalent chromium supplement (C, n=6) and placebo control (P, n=8). We performed a double blind experimental design with chromium picolinate supplementation in an oral dosage 500 μg daily, and the timing of supplementation taking was after each meal. After the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) pre-test, all subjects accepted the 2days of routine basketball training with chromium supplementation or placebo. On the 3rd day morning, the OGTT post-test was performed under fasted condition. Blood glucose, blood creatine kinase (CK), and serum insulin levels were measured in both groups. Results: Short-term basketball training reduced both the change ratio of area under curve of glucose and insulin significantly during OGTT, but the beneficial effect were reduced in the group with chromium supplementation; in addition, the change ratio of blood CK level elevated dramatically after two days training in chromium supplementation group. Conclusion: We found that short-term basketball training has the beneficial effect on improving whole-body glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in female basketball players; however, the benefit is inhibited with the chromium supplementation, which maybe results from the increase of muscle cells damage caused by chromium supplementation.