論酒精影響下的不能安全駕駛罪

Unsafe Driving Offenses under the Influence of Alcohol

刑法第一八五條之三的不能安全駕駛罪，自立法以來，遭到數次修改，刑罰不斷提高。在二○一三年六月的本罪新修規定中，立法者將酒精濃度的數據直接寫在條文裡，藉以提供司法實務明確且有拘束力的犯罪判斷標準。問題是，此一酒精濃度標準的意義為何？其是否足以說明駕駛人已陷入不能安全駕駛？在在有所疑問。筆者認為立法者並未真正瞭解過去實務在適用本罪的證明難題，即呼氣測試有其不可靠性，而無法作為一般有效的經驗法則。故縱使立法，也不應排除法官在個案的自由心證空間。至於血液中的酒精濃度，可參考德國實務的作法，只要依照合法的證據調查方式確認其已超過千分之一點一，法院就必須認為行為人構成不能安全駕駛。

Criminal law section 185-3 prohibits drunk driving. Since the legislation of the crime has been created, it has constantly been modified, and the penalty has continuously increased. In the new revised provisions of June 2013, the legislators provided clear and binding criteria about the alcohol concentration. But the breath test has its unreliability. Even though determined by legislation, there should be space for free evaluation of evidence for the judges. As for blood alcohol concentration, you can refer to the German practice, as long as the method of investigation in accordance with legal evidence to confirm that it has more than 110 millilitres, the court must consider the driver is not able to drive safely.