社區組織參與家庭暴力初級預防之共識建立與執行經驗

Consensus Building and Implementing Experience of Community Organizations on Primary Prevention of Domestic Violence

1998年全亞洲第一部家庭暴力防治法在臺灣宣布施行，針對家庭暴力防治的各項法治措施也逐漸完善，但目前臺灣家暴防治的主要策略多集中於三級預防，為了促成根本上的改變應促進初級預防的推動，因此政府部門也開始大力推行社區防暴政策與方案，但在父權文化價值、社區發展政策與臺灣社會的轉型、社會大眾對於家暴防治的概念不清晰等阻礙下，社區組織可能無法形成有效的共識來推動家庭暴力防治的業務。
本研究旨在了解社區組織針對進行家庭暴力初級預防如何建構其決定投入防治工作以及決策規劃的共識，以及系統性彙整社區防暴的共識建立與實際執行經驗，採用質性研究中的多重個案嵌入性研究方式，而在資料蒐集方法上使用深度訪談法，資料分析方法上則採取情境式分析，詳細的描述不同社區進行家庭暴力防治的共識建立過程與執行經驗，並分析與比較不同社區在執行家暴業務時所產生的不同經驗，以及這些共識與防暴執行經驗對於社區的影響與改變。
本研究訪談六位來自五個不同社區的家暴防治業務主責幹部，研究結果發現，受訪社區跨越各項障礙投入防暴工作的重要契機，是主責幹部過去曾親身經驗或看見家暴事件，因此開始重視家暴議題而帶領社區投入防暴工作，並在共識建立階段由於對於家暴防治議題十分重視或是有著強烈的社區共好意識，而正式投入到防暴工作的行列，並且社區志工與幹部在公部門的培力與輔導以及專家學者的介入與培訓下積極充實防暴知能，在充分了解加暴防治的重要性後社區組織更加投入到行動中，而雖然社區的行動經驗大多圍繞在特定的幾個主題，但每個社區的詳細執行經驗還是會有所不同並且發展出因應社區需求或理念的特色行動。

In 1998, Taiwan enacted the first Domestic Violence Prevention Act in Asia, gradually improving various legal measures for preventing domestic violence. However, Taiwan’s current central strategies for domestic violence prevention focus mainly on tertiary prevention. In order to catalyze fundamental change, it is essential to promote primary prevention. Although the government has also begun promoting community-based anti-violence policies and programs, with obstacles such as patriarchal cultural values, community development policies amid Taiwan’s societal transformation, and the public’s incomplete understanding of domestic violence prevention, community organizations may struggle to build an effective consensus to drive domestic violence prevention efforts forward.
This study aims to explore how community organizations build consensus in decision-making and planning of domestic violence prevention efforts, as well as systematically gather community-based anti-violence consensus building and implementation experiences. A qualitative multiple-case embedded design was used for this study, the in-depth interview method was used for data collection, and contextualization was used for data analysis. Details regarding the consensus-building processes and implementation experiences for preventing domestic violence across various communities were provided, as well as the impacts and changes these consensus and implementation experiences have on the communities. Additionally, the varying experiences generated when implementing domestic violence efforts across communities were analyzed and compared.
In this study, six chief officers with responsibility for domestic violence prevention efforts across five different communities were interviewed. The results showed that the crucial motive for the communities to implement anti-violence work, despite various obstacles, was that the chief officers had personally experienced or witnessed domestic violence incidents themselves in the past. Hence, they knew the significance and impact of domestic violence and led their communities to engage in prevention efforts. Additionally, during the consensus building stage, their highest priority was on preventing domestic violence, and their strong communal consciousness led them to officially participate in prevention efforts. With empowerment and guidance from government agencies, coupled with intervention and training from experts and scholars, community volunteers and officers actively strengthened their knowledge of violence prevention. Having gained greater understanding the importance of domestic violence prevention, community organizations became even more dedicated to such efforts. While their efforts primarily focused on specific themes, the details and experiences of implementation still varied across each community, resulting in unique approaches tailored to each community’s needs and beliefs.