臺灣日治時期先孕後婚現象初探：以關西地區為例

A Preliminary Study of Premarital Pregnancy in Guanxi during the Japanese Colonial Period

本研究探討違反華人儒家社會文化之「先孕後婚」現象，採用中研院人文社會科學研究中心歷史人口計畫之「日治時期臺灣戶口調查簿資料庫」中的關西地區資料，以「後繼有人」和「家長權威」兩個假設及其交互作用檢視華人社會中婚姻、家長權威與先孕後婚的關係。歸納研究結果如下：1.「後繼有人」假設部分獲得支持；2.「家長權威」在大婚型態中有抑制婚前性行為的作用，而在小婚和招婚中則有加強效果；3.進一步分析婚姻型態和家長權威的交互作用，顯示女性採招婚且家中為長輩戶長，其先孕後婚的可能性最高。

Premarital pregnancy violated Sinic-Confucian conventions in Taiwan during the Japanese colonial period. This phenomenon of premarital pregnancy also varied by region and by marriage pattern. This study explores the relationship between marriage patterns, parental authority, and premarital pregnancy. Two assumptions are proposed: the “inheritor” assumption and the “parental authority” assumption. Data were extracted from the Guanxi household register database, which is part of the Taiwan Historical Household Registers Database (THHRD) compiled by the Program for Historical Demography of the Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences (RCHSS) at Academia Sinica. First, the results indicated that the “inheritor” assumption was partly supported. Second, the “parental authority” assumption had two different effects on premarital pregnancy: an inhibiting effect in major marriages and a facilitating effect in minor and uxorilocal marriages. The results also demonstrated an interaction effect between marriage patterns and parental authority.