歐盟共同外交與安全政策及其對烏克蘭戰爭的政策作為：蛻變的契機？

The EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy and Its Actions during the Russia-Ukraine War: A Moment of Transformation?

烏克蘭戰爭的發生形成對歐盟的共同外交與安全政策（CFSP）嚴格的考驗。在烏克蘭戰爭中，CFSP的政策作為出現顯著的轉變。在規模上，歐盟八波之制裁為史上最強大。在工具上，出現了準軍事工具的使用，也實現了常態性軍力建制（PESCO）。然，PESCO的有限規模並不足以使歐盟成為區域安全的強勢行為者。本文認為，歐盟應再度嘗試建立防禦共同體（EDC）。首先，烏克蘭戰爭的發生說明CFSP的規範性權力已不再足以應付地緣政治時代。其次，也惟有透過EDC的集體機制，個別會員國強化國防安全的努力始能產生整體性、加乘性的綜效，同時能安全地處理德國再軍事化此一敏感議題。

Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine severely challenged the EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), compelling major changes. In terms of scale, the EU’s eight sanctions on Russia were its largest and strongest in history. In terms of policy tools, the CFSP adopted a quasi-military instrument, establishing the Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) framework. However, this study argues that PESCO’s limited scale is insufficient for the EU to become a regional security power, making now the best time to attempt the European Defense Community (EDC).
The Russia-Ukraine War proved that the CFSP’s normative approaches were no longer sufficient for Europe’s current geopolitics. The EU must ensure its own security as a regional power with full foreign policy capacity. A collective European security approach is the only way for individual EU members to enhance their military capabilities, creating holistic, multiplier effects, and safely dealing with the issue of German rearmament.