回顧認知翻譯學與筆譯歷程認知模型

A Review on Cognitive Translatology and Cognitive Models for Translation

本文從翻譯學的角度出發，探討筆譯的過程中所牽涉的認知歷程與心理模型。不同於過往由心理學出發的研究，本文回顧的文獻主要以實際執行筆譯的現實考量出發，例如實際筆譯歷程常使用篇章而非單詞、單句的翻譯，但過去關於翻譯主題的認知心理學研究卻常以單詞翻譯作為實驗的題目。同時，不同於過往的認知翻譯研究專注於同步口譯的認知資源分配問題，本研究希望聚焦於較少被討論的筆譯翻譯。筆譯相較於口譯，是翻譯系所最多學生選擇的專業，但筆譯所經歷的認知歷程卻尚未受到足夠的重視。因此本文希望結合筆譯研究與認知心理學研究，回顧過去三十年來對於關於筆譯歷程的認知研究，做為未來翻譯與認知跨領域結合的基礎。

 

From the perspective of translation studies, the present study explores the cognitive processes and models involved in translation. Unlike previous research on psychology, the literature reviewed in this article is mainly based on practical considerations of actual translation implementation. For example, in actual practice, what is being translated is text instead of a single word or sentence. However, previous studies on translation in cognitive psychology usually experimented with single-word translation. Also, unlike previous cognitive translation studies that focused on the allocation of cognitive resources for simultaneous interpretation, this research hopes to concentrate on less-discussed translation. Compared with interpreting, translation is the major chosen by most students in the translation department, but the cognitive process experienced by translators has yet to receive enough attention. Therefore, this article combines translation studies and cognitive psychology research to review the studies on the cognitive process of translation in the past thirty years. This review can serve as the basis for future cross-disciplinary collaboration across fields of translation and cognition.