新竹科學園區職業族群之肥胖風險評估：混合橫斷研究

Risk Assessment of Obesity among Occupational Groups in Hsinchu Science Park: A Pooled Cross-Sectional Study

目的：肥胖是許多慢性疾病的重要危險因子，其盛行率與職業模式有關。新竹科學園區（以下簡稱竹科）的勞動人口主要從事高科技產業。本研究探討竹科工作人口的肥胖率，以及職業等因素與肥胖之間的相關性，希望能為臺灣不斷增長的高科技產業員工提供健康的建議。

方法：此混合橫斷研究的資料，取自於2017至2020年期間國立臺灣大學醫學院附設醫院新竹臺大分院新竹醫院健康管理中心的健康檢查資料庫，分析對象是竹科的工作者。肥胖率以身體質量指數(body mass index, BMI)和腰圍為測量標準。評估也納入了體脂率。我們的主要研究指標為肥胖盛行率，將其與國民營養健康調查2017至2020年的數據進行比較。我們亦探討不同性別、年齡或職業等因素對竹科肥胖率的影響。

結果：本研究共有3,202名竹科工作者納入分析。以BMI評估，過重（27＞BMI ≧24）和肥胖（BMI ≧27）的盛行率分別為25.9%和17.2%。根據腰圍評估，肥胖率（男性 ≧90公分，女性 ≧80公分）為29.3%。與國民營養健康調查相應年齡之一般臺灣人口相比，竹科工作者在19-44歲人口中的肥胖率較低，在45-64歲人口中男性腰圍肥胖率較低。對於肥胖的相關因素，職業別為技術人員（BMI odds ratio (OR)=2.24 (1.27-3.93)；腰圍OR=1.73 (1.05-2.86)）和年齡增加（BMI OR=1.03 (1.01-1.04)；腰圍 OR=1.04 (1.03-1.05)）對肥胖的風險較高。

結論：竹科工作者的肥胖率低於臺灣一般人口。健康工作者效應、社經地位與健康識能等的影響不能被排除。鑒於技術人員與較高年齡者在肥胖方面的風險較高，家庭醫師面對科學園區工作者時，針對健康促進計畫應給予個人化之健康指導。

Aims: Obesity is a significant risk factor for numerous chronic diseases, and its prevalence is related to occupational patterns. The working population in the Hsinchu Science Park (HSP) is mainly engaged in high-tech industries. This study explores the prevalence of the obesity in the HSP working population and the correlation between obesity and its contributing factors such as occupation, aiming to provide the increasing number of employees in Taiwan’s high-tech industries with key health recommendations.

Methods: Data of the pooled cross-sectional study was acquired from the 2017-2020 Health Management Center database at National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, and the participants examined were HSP workers. The prevalence of obesity was measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with body fat percentage also incorporated into the assessment. The main outcome of interest was the prevalence of obesity. We compared the population with the data from the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT) during 2017-2020. We also analyzed the association of obesity with the different factors including sex, age, occupation, etc.

Results: There were 3,202 HSP workers included. As measured by BMI, the prevalence of overweight 27＞BMI≧24 and obesity (BMI≧27) read respectively 25.9% and 17.2%. When measured by WC, the prevalence of obesity (WC≧90 cm for males, ≧80 cm for females) was 29.3%. Compared to their counterparts in NAHSIT, HSP workers aged 19-44 years reported a lower prevalence of obesity. For male HSP workers aged 45-64 years, the prevalence of obesity was also lower. Occupation as technicians (BMI OR=2.24 (1.27-3.93); WC OR=1.73 (1.05-2.86)) and older age (BMI OR=1.03 (1.01-1.04); WC OR=1.04 (1.03-1.05)) were identified as factors associated with a higher risk for obesity.

Conclusion: Obesity is less prevalent in HSP workers than in the general population of Taiwan. The healthy worker effect and the influence of socioeconomic status cannot be excluded. In light of their higher risk for obesity, technicians and older workers deserve additional health management measures.