當仕紳化碰上城市縮退：新莊、艋舺與大稻埕傳統市街轉型的比較

When Gentrification Meets City Shrinking: Comparing the Historic Districts of Xinzhuang, Monga and Dadaocheng

仕紳化理論說明都市更新帶來高社經地位取代低社經地位家庭的過程，縮退城市探討人口減少對都市經濟與社會結構的影響，政策介入與都市更新對於內城鄰里經濟復振與人口流失的影響仍有待檢證。在臺灣土地混合使用、小規模都更與都市文創產業政策下，空間高級化與人口替代並非簡單線性因果關係，本文比較新莊、艋舺與大稻埕傳統市街發展，發現有停滯型、衰退型以及產業創新轉型三類。藉由「比較都市狀態」的觀點，可瞭解城市衰退典範下混合居住社區的動態變遷，並重新解讀仕紳化的理論意涵。

Gentrification explains the deconstruction of neighbourhood authenticity and the process of replacement of the poor by the middle-class, while shrinking city explores the impacts of population decline on urban economy and social structure. In the context of urban renewal policies, mixed land use and fragmented property rights, a comparative urbanism approach is used to analyse the changes in three neighbourhoods located in the historic districts of Xinzhuang, Monga and Dadaocheng. The results show three types of transformation: retail gentrification with a decrease of population, decline, and industrial decline with an increase of population. Urban renewal doesn’t necessarily bring population replacement and a decline in population. The introduction of urban policies and capital investment contributes to increases in housing prices rather than flourishing neighbourhoods. The scenarios of the three historical neighbourhoods show that gentrification theory should be re-considered in the paradigm of city shrinking embedded in dynamic mixed communities.