「後世代權」作為憲法保障權利之探析

The Exploration and Analysis of the Rights of Future Generations as the Constitutional Protected Right

首先，界定本文「後世代權」所指涉的權利主體。其次，從生態、財經及社會永續(ökologische- finanzwirtschaftliche- und soziale Nachhatigkeit)三個面向中，各擇其環境保護、社會資源分配及轉型正義一個領域，作為探析「後世代權」憲法保障範圍的張本。論述中，除借鑑德國法制（主要是基本法第20a條）的理論與實務（氣候憲法訴訟）外，並設法將我國釋憲案中可鏈結而適合作為探討的實例一併納入回顧，包括釋字第272、520、717、781、782及783等號解釋，反思若能將「後世代權」的思緒納入，各該解釋的說理是否會更具說服力與前瞻性。最終目的，是想將該本屬哲學領域的思考或政治主張，引介入憲法或司法體系中而成為法律課題，並祈望能豐富法律人的心靈及視界，而有助於多元社會永續和諧的發展。

In this article, the subject of the right of“the rights of future generations”will be first defined. Second, from the three aspects of ecological, financial, and social sustainability, the fields of environmental and ecology protection, social resource distribution, and transitional justice are chosen as examples, to explore and analyze the scope of constitutional protection on the rights of future generations. The discussion, not only draws on the theories and practices of German regulations (primarily article 20a of the Basic Law and climate litigation) but also tries to put a few cases of the Taiwan Constitutional Court that are suitable for examination into review, including J.Y. Interpretations Nos. 272, 520, 717, 781, 782, 783, etc., to rethink if we could add the thoughts of the rights of future generations, each reasoning of the J.Y. Interpretations might provide more persuasiveness and farsightedness. The most important purpose is to put the discussion that originally belonged to philosophy and politics into the constitutional law or judiciary system to become the topics of law, in the hope to abound the mind and vision of lawyers and is helpful for the sustainable and harmonious development of the pluralistic society.