安置機構少年全人發展能力與自立生活能力關係之初探

Relationship Between Holistic Development and Independent Living Capabilities Among Adolescents Living in Residential Care Facilities

安置少年經歷過不同程度和類型的童年逆境經驗，這些經驗對能力發展造成負向影響。本研究以九類全人發展能力為基礎，探討各類能力與三類自立生活能力的關係。研究對象以目前安置中的少年進行配額抽樣，共計223名參與者加入本研究。經多元線性迴歸分析結果顯示，身體健康、健康風險、社區連結、依附關係、逆境成長等能力與自立生活能力有關。具有經濟與家庭變故經驗者會影響其財務管理的能力；而具有疏忽虐待、違反少年事件處理法相關經驗則對生涯探索與興趣有影響。最後，研究建議：(1)將童年逆境經驗對能力之影響納入處遇評估；(2)運用正向少年發展模式擴展少年對於生涯決策之想像能力；(3)增進自主能力與決策能力；(4)培養少年復原力與社會支持網絡。

 

Adolescents in residential care experience multiple types of adverse childhood experiences, and such experiences have negative effects on their capabilities. This study explored the relationships of nine aspects of the Holistic Development Capabilities with three aspects of independent living capabilities by analyzing data from 223 participants living under residential care using multiple linear regressions. The results indicated that physical health, health risk, community connection, attachment, and growth in the face of adversity were related to independent living capabilities. In addition, career exploration and interest was negatively associated with negligence or maltreatment in residential care and a history of having violated the Juvenile Justice Act. This study makes four recommendations: (1) assessments the impact of adverse experiences on independent living capabilities; (2) expand adolescents’ capacity for career decision-making by using the positive youth development model; (3) promote autonomy and decision-making skills among adolescents; (4) develop resilience and social support networks.