從德國法角度評析我國二○二二年刑事訴訟暫行安置新法

Analyzing the 2022 New Regulations of the Criminal Procedure Code on the Provisional Placement from the Perspective of German Law

近年來數起精神病犯犯下嚴重犯行之案件，引起社會大眾恐慌，也揭露我國刑事訴訟法長年以來欠缺相對應於刑事實體法之程序雙軌制。現行刑事訴訟法之羈押或預防性羈押，精神衛生法緊急安置及強制住院，以及保安處分執行法之緊急監護處分，都無法滿足適當處置無責任能力被告，以保護大眾安全之需求。本文經由比較德國刑事訴訟法第126a條之暫時安置，評析我國二○二二年二月公布之暫行安置新制（刑事訴訟法第121條之1至第121條之6），指出條文之缺失並提出修法建議。

In recent years, several cases of serious crimes committed by mentally ill accused have caused panic among the public. They also revealed that there had been a lack of a dual system of criminal procedures corresponding to substantive criminal law for a long time. The current legal institutions, such as remand detention or Danger of recidivism as the ground for remand detention, the Mental Health Act, and Emergency tutelage, are not suitable institutions to deal with the mentally ill accused for public security. By comparing with German provisional placement (§126a German code of criminal procedure), this article examines the new regulations regarding provisional placement in Taiwan (§121-1 -§121-6 Taiwanese code of criminal procedure) and proposes a suggestion for improvement.