公寓大廈之基地，應包括其他約定基地──從幾個使用權爭議問題談起

The Land underneath of the Condominium shall include Other Agreed Land—With Several Disputes over the Right to Use

建築業者興建大型公寓大廈或開發集居地區時，通常須規劃聯外道路，並在建築基地之外規劃相關公共設施，諸如活動中心、游泳池、網（籃）球場或自來水加壓站等，上述設施暨其基地純係為服務公寓大廈或集居地區住戶（通行、休憩使用）而設，與該等建築物具有不可分離之關係，學說稱為約定基地，屬於規約共用部分。惟現行不動產交易及登記法規，僅規定建築物辦理所有權第一次登記時，應載明基地權利種類及權利範圍，此之基地又僅限於建築物使用執照所載之法定基地而已；因此上述約定基地，因欠缺法律規範而分離移轉，進而衍生諸多使用權之爭議，亟待改進；本文爰參考日本立法例及司法實務見解，並提出解決對策之建議，以確保交易安全。

When developer is building a large condominium or develop hillside communities, they usually need to plan outer roads and relevant public facilities outside the building base, such as the community center, swimming pools, tennis (basketball) courts or tap water pressurization stations, etc., and the above public facilities and their bases are built for condominium buildings or residents in the living area (for passage and rest). It has an inseparable relationship with such buildings. The doctrine is called“a contractual base”. It shall be the bylaws common elements.
However, the current real estate transaction and registration regulations only stipulate that when the ownership of a building is registered for the first time, the type of rights and the scope of rights of the base should be stated, and the base is only the building lot (legal base) listed in the building permit; Therefore, the above-mentioned contractual bases were separated and transferred due to lack of legal norms, which in turn gave rise to many disputes over the right to use, which need to be improved; This article refers to judicial practice insights and Japanese legislation, and puts forward suggestions for countermeasures to ensure transaction security.