從威權體制到民主協商治理：以臺北地區防洪計畫為例

From the Authoritarian Regime to Democratic Discursive Governance: Taking the Flood Control Plan in Taipei Area as an Example

鑑於南部重大水資源開發案──高屏大湖，因公眾參與度不足與未能透過科學民主化方式取得開發共識因此停滯，本研究將以動態觀點探討水利政策之防洪計畫在臺灣民主化發展時不同的決策過程，研究中強調威權時代、民主轉型與政黨輪替等不同階段多元的表現，藉由文獻探討及個案研究，探討不同民主化時期中所採取的防洪計畫。首先是黨國威權年代，非政治性社會運動中最具代表性的洲後村遷村事件；再者是民主轉型階段時，地方知識凌越專業政策的基隆河截彎取直工程；最後是政黨輪替後，以強力協商方式完成的基隆河整體治理計畫。經分析研究後發現，在當前臺灣民主治理脈絡下，水利政策在制定與執行的過程中，專家主義與技術官僚須透過審議式民主及科學民主化過程轉化為民主協商治理，以降低公眾的對抗並建立治理正當性。

Due to the insufficient of public participation and the failure to acquire development consensus through scientific democratization, the major water resource development plan in the south, Gaoping Lake Development Plan, has been stagnated. Through a dynamic view, this researoh will discuss the different decision-making process of flood control plans for water conservancy policy in the development of democratization in Taiwan.

It emphasizes the multiple performances in different stages such as in the era of authoritarian, democratic transformation and the rotation of political parties, and discusses the flood control plans taken in different democratization periods through the research of literature and the following three events.

First, the event of relocation of Chou-Hou Village is the most representative of non-political social movements in the era of authoritarianism led by the party. The second flood control plans representative is Keelung River cut-off and straightening Project, which was Local knowledge overrides the professional policy of democratic transformation. The last one is the master plan of the Keelung River after the rotation of political parties, which was completed through strong negotiation. After analysis and research, it is found that under the current context of democratic governance in Taiwan, when water conservancy policies are formulated and implemented, professionalism and technocrats need to transform into democratic consultative governance through the process of deliberative democracy and scientific democratization to reduce public confrontation and establish governance legitimacy.