社會網路環境與數位協作學習：以iCamp為例   全文下載

Social Networking Environment and Collaborative Learning: An Exploration of iCamp Project

近年來，全球出現了許多將社群軟體及社群網站(Social Networking Sites, SNS)應用在高等教育的研究與實驗，但目前對於社群網站的學習成效評估之實證研究仍屬缺乏。因此，本研究以歐盟發起的iCamp三階段試驗作為分析標的，蒐集其各階段之評估報告，並以活動理論的七個向度（主體、目標、工具、規則、社群、分工與成效）對其成果評估報告進行分析。本研究分析iCamp三階段試驗評估報告之結果發現，如果沒有將Web 2.0相關工具在各教學設計及協同合作步驟中做完整而明確的整合，那麼社群網站所能發揮的協作學習或自主學習的功效將相當有限。在iCamp試驗報告中發現，雖然Web 2.0工具被引入學習過程裡，但各工具卻零散的缺乏組織，無法明確地對應到其所進行的學習任務。藉由活動理論中的七個向度，我們發現以使用者共同興趣所組成的成員及使用者互動產生的內容來提升成員之間較高的參與動機是相當重要的關鍵。另外，建置一套同儕名譽系統的管理機制來篩選及獎懲成員的行為，並在學習過程中做明確的角色界定及學習工作分配，以及建立一個群體的認同感等方式將有助於增進社群網站中的學員主動參與及學習成效的提升。

An increasing number of worldwide higher education experiments are combining computer-supported collaborative learning delivery with social software and social networking sites. However, there is little research empirically detailed educational bene.ts associated with use of social software and social networking sites (SNS). The main objective of this study is to investigate the secondary data (evaluation reports) of well-known web 2.0 e-learning trial case (iCamp project) to explore relationship between new social software applications and outcomes of collaborative learning. In particular, theoretical principles of activity theory are applied to examine three-stage trials of iCamp project. We used seven major components (subject, object, instruments, rules, community, division of labor, and outcome) of activity theory to evaluate 3 trials of iCamp project, this analysis allows us to explore requisite elements of learning activity in a social networking environment. This study concludes user-generated topics and shared interests among members to keep high motivation, structured social media tools usage in facilitating speci.c learning tasks and processes, a peer-to-peer social pressure system to monitor and sanction actions, and a clear delineation of role expectation during the process are important elements for collaborative learning. Moreover, group identity and reputation system design to induce commitment and punish free riders are critical features for social networking sites to keep their members collaboratively engaged.