空間型構法介入古民居新增衛浴空間位置推測研究—以閩南蔡氏古民居「德棣厝」為例

Research on the Speculation of New Bathroom Position in Traditional Residential Buildings through Space Syntax — A Case Study of “De Di House” of Cai-Clan Traditional Residential Buildings

本研究基於對閩南官式古民居建築保護的真實性與活態性原則，以蔡氏古民居「德棣厝」為例經由文獻與田野調查獲取建築空間格局、文化習俗、引排水狀況和居住現狀，結合居民和專家訪談分析出影響新增衛浴空間位置的四限制條件以及選擇範圍，但其結果為表層且模糊。而空間型構分析法從可以通過凸空間、軸線以及視域分析以預測人的自然行為模式，分析結果為內在且具體。通過兩類分析之結果對比互證，逐步細化選擇、推導與篩選，以確定適合選擇的位置。研究結果包括：（1）歸納出影響新增衛浴空間的文化、建築、環境和居住四個限制條件；（2）選擇出12個新增衛浴空間可選位置；（3）分析出3個較適合作為公共衛浴空間的位置，以及3個適合私密衛浴空間的位置；（4）分析出7個適合程度高的選擇位置。本研究之結果與方法對於其它閩南「官式大厝」新增衛浴空間位置選擇議題具有一定參考作用。

 

The research is based on the principles of the authenticity and liveliness of the protection on the official ancient residential buildings of Southern Fujian. Cai-Clan traditional residential buildings "De Di House" is taken as an example to obtain some information about the architectural spatial pattern, the cultural customs, the drainage conditions and the living conditions through literature review and field survey. Four restrictions affecting the new bathroom spatial location as well as the related selection scope are analyzed through the interviews of residents and experts. The result is shallow and fuzzy. The Space Syntax can be adopted to predict the natural behavior pattern of people through convex space, axis and visibility graph analysis. The analysis result is internal and specific. The suitable site is determined through the comparison, interoperability certification, refinement, derivation and selection of two kinds of analysis results. The results of the research mainly include: (1) Four restrictions of culture, architecture, environment and residence that affect new bathroom space are summed up. (2) Twelve optional positions for new bathroom space are selected. (3) Three positions that are very suitable for public bathroom space as well as three positions that are suitable for private bathroom space are analyzed. (4) Seven positions that are very suitable for private bathroom space are analyzed. The results and methods of the research can be used as a reference for other issues on the site selection of new bathroom space in the "official building" of Southern Fujian.