消防人員職業癌症預防及判定制度分析之研究──以火災搶救為例

Analysis on the Occupational Cancer Prevention and Determination System for Firefighters : A Case Study of Fire Rescue Operations

消防人員長期暴露於火場多種致癌物，癌症發生率與死亡率均高於一般民眾，顯示建立健康預防及職業病認定制度的急迫性。鑑於我國現行消防人員健康保障制度尚未全面涵蓋火災搶救作業中多元暴露風險，本研究整合國際指引與國內經驗，建構消防人員職業癌症預防與判定制度，內容涵蓋職前與在職健康檢查、出勤履歷及兩階段認定流程，並經職業醫學、職業衛生及消防領域專家訪談修訂，並透過問卷調查驗證效用。
針對一線消防同仁發放共177份問卷其回收率達100%，結果顯示各面向平均數及標準差得分反映消防人員對制度高度認同且意見一致，其中在職健康檢查支持度最高，突顯持續健康追蹤需求之必要性。本制度具實務可行性與政策參考價值，提供具體可行的優化方向。

Firefighters are chronically exposed to various carcinogens at fire scenes, resulting in higher cancer incidence and mortality rates than those in the general population, highlighting the urgent need for health prevention and occupational disease recognition systems. As current health protection in Taiwan does not fully address these risks, this study integrates international guidelines and local experience to develop a system for occupational cancer prevention and recognition for firefighters. The system includes pre-employment and on-duty health checks, work history tracking, and a two-stage recognition process, revised through expert interviews and validated by a survey in which a total of 177 questionnaires were distributed to frontline firefighters, achieving a 100% response rate.
Results show high firefighter agreement (average scores above 4.48/5, SD below 0.79), especially for on-duty health checks, emphasizing the need for ongoing health monitoring. This system is practical and offers valuable policy guidance.