警察人員心理資本之文獻探討與評析

A Literature Review and Analysis of Psychological Capital among Police Officers

本研究旨在系統性地探討心理資本研究於台灣警察人員之應用及發展。近幾年來屢屢傳出員警自戕事件，警察心理健康問題亟待重視，又心理資本概念自西方傳入台灣幾近二十年以來，雖累積為數不少的研究成果，但主要集中於教育學界及運動領域，至於警察人員心理資本之相關研究則寥寥無幾。故本研究便以此為題，釐清警察人員心理資本的定義及量測方式，並引用西方心理資本研究長期以來建構出的三大研究向度―後果、前因、中介或調節變項之觀點，彙整國內外心理資本相關研究並加以歸納分類後，繪製心理資本與各變項間關係之理論架構圖，復檢視台灣目前已有的警察人員心理資本研究。研究結果顯示，「心理資本」對警察人員深具影響力，心理資本與台灣警察人員的態度、行為、績效等後果變項之實證結果，與西方研究結論大致雷同，惟前因變項研究議題上則存在明顯缺漏，此狀況非但影響台灣警察心理資本理論架構的完整性，更將致使警察人員心理資本相關干預及開發方案缺乏依據。最後，本研究亦依據研究結果，嘗試提供未來台灣警察人員心理資本發展與研究方向之參考

This study systematically examines the application and development of psychological capital among police officers in Taiwan. Rising cases of police suicide highlight the urgency of addressing mental health issues in the police force. Although psychological capital research has grown in Taiwan over the past two decades, most studies focus on education and sports, leaving research on police personnel limited. This study clarifies the definition and measurement of psychological capital for police officers and reviews existing literature using the three major dimensions commonly adopted in Western research: outcomes, antecedents, and mediating or moderating variables. A theoretical framework illustrating the relationships between psychological capital and related variables is constructed, followed by an analysis of current studies on Taiwanese police officers. Findings show that psychological capital plays a crucial role in police attitudes, behaviors, and performance, largely consistent with Western conclusions. However, significant gaps remain regarding antecedent variables, affecting the completeness of Taiwan’s theoretical framework and limiting the basis for developing effective interventions for police personnel. The study concludes with recommendations for future research and development of psychological capital among Taiwan’s police officers.