近代豫北農民武裝組織之比較研究──以天門會為中心

A Comparative Study of Peasant Armed Organizations in Northern Henan—Centering on the Tianmen Society

天門會是20世紀20年代在豫北興起的一支影響深遠的農民組織，它的發展經歷了兩次高潮，分別是林縣天門會與浚縣天門會。它們表面上一脈相承，但在實際發展中卻並不完全相同。大革命時期和土地革命時期，林縣天門會在傳統封建思想的影響下發展，始終無法擺脫農民組織自身的局限性，最終走向滅亡。抗日戰爭時期，浚縣天門會接受了共產黨的改造，顯示了農民才是中國革命隊伍的主力軍。通過剖析他們之間的異同，探究在不同的歷史背景下農民心理狀態的變化，進一步總結農民組織發展的一般規律，對豐富天門會的研究具有重大意義。

The Tianmen Society was an influential peasant organization emerging in northern Henan in the 1920s. Its development experienced two upsurges，namely the Lin County Tianmen Society and the Jun County Tianmen Society. Though seemingly originating from the same lineage，they were not entirely identical in actual development. During the Great Revolution and the Agrarian Revolutionary Period，the Lin County Tianmen Society evolved under the influence of traditional feudal ideology，and could never break free from the inherent limitations of peasant organizations，eventually leading to its demise. In the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression，the Jun County Tianmen Society underwent reorganization by the Communist Party of China，demonstrating that peasants were the main force of China's revolutionary cause. By analyzing the similarities and differences between the two branches，exploring the changes in peasants' psychological states against distinct historical backgrounds，and further summarizing the general laws governing the development of peasant organizations，this paper is of great significance for enriching the research on the Tianmen Society.