以社會網絡分析跨境詐欺犯罪腳本之研究

A Study on Cross-Border Fraud Crime Scripts via Social Network Analysis

隨著全球化時代的來臨，經濟、政治與文化的緊密結合，促使跨境詐欺犯罪隨之全球化。科技高度發展使詐欺犯罪結合網路、電信與通訊科技而肆虐全球。本研究探討跨境詐欺犯罪的脈絡，希望透過犯罪腳本解構其運作過程，以揭露跨境詐欺社會網絡的關係。本研究訪談六位偵查人員，將跨境詐欺犯罪過程以腳本的方式呈現，接著以UCINET軟體來釐清跨境詐欺犯罪過程中各事件的重要程度。
研究結果顯示，跨境詐欺集團分為電信機房、系統商、水房集團與車手集團，共有23個角色以及19個事件。在跨境詐欺犯罪網絡分析方面：從犯罪組織結構來看，集團逐漸小型化，而且透過斷點形成彼此之間的強弱連結。23個犯罪角色分別涉入19個犯罪事件，各角色因分工而有不同程度的網絡連結，犯罪事件因發生次序而出現重要程度的差異。19個犯罪事件以招募教育訓練為核心事件，其中心性最高，且影響力值也最大。

With the advent of globalization, the integration of economic, political, and cultural systems has also facilitated the globalization of cross-border fraud crimes. As technology rapidly advances, fraud crimes have increasingly exploited the Internet, telecommunications, and information technology to proliferate across the globe. This study explores the context and process of cross-border fraud crimes, aiming to deconstruct their operational dynamics through crime scripts and uncover the relational structures within fraud-related social networks. Based on interviews with six criminal investigators, the research reconstructs the procedural steps of cross-border fraud using crime scripts, followed by an analysis of the importance of each event using UCINET software.
The findings reveal that cross-border fraud groups consist of telecom call centers, system providers, money laundering units, and runner (courier) groups, comprising 23 distinct roles and 19 events. The analysis of the fraud crime network indicates a trend toward the miniaturization of criminal organizations and the use of structural disconnections to form strong or weak ties between actors. Each of the 23 roles is involved in different aspects of the 19 crime events, and their network centrality varies according to functional specialization. Among the 19 events,“recruitment and training”emerges as the core event with the highest degree of centrality and the greatest influence within the network.