從國際經驗看台灣的危機處理小組的建構與未來展望

Current Status and Future Outlook of the Construction and Development of Crisis Intervention Teams (CIT) in Taiwan from an International Perspective

2024年12月台灣修正後的《精神衛生法》正式施行，朝向去機構化與去汙名化發展，並強化精神疾病人的社區照護與人權保障。為兼顧公共安全並落實及時醫療介入，新法要求建立24小時緊急精神醫療處置機制，透過醫護與警消跨專業合作，使高風險個案能迅速且安全地轉銜至醫療體系，改善急診分流與後續臨床處置。並導入美國「危機處理小組模式（Model of Crisis Intervention Team，CIT）」，以提升第一線人員對精神健康危機事件之辨識、應對與衝突降階能力。本文從國際觀點探討CIT之起源、訓練模式與實證成效，並分析台灣在法規建置、教育訓練與地方實務推動上的發展與挑戰。建議應建立中央跨部門協作平台、推動標準化訓練及建置全國性成效監測系統，促進CIT的發展與服務品質一致性。

In December 2024, Taiwan’s amended Mental Health Act took effect, advancing deinstitutionalization and destigmatization while strengthening community-based care and human rights protections for people with mental illness. To promote public safety and timely medical intervention, the revised Act mandates a 24-hour emergency psychiatric care mechanism. Its core is interprofessional collaboration among healthcare professionals, police, and fire personnel to ensure the safe and timely transfer of high-risk individuals to appropriate medical facilities and to improve emergency triage and subsequent clinical intervention. The policy also introduces crisis response training based on the U.S. Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) model to enhance frontline responders’ability to recognize, manage, and de-escalate mental health crises or behavioral emergencies. This paper reviews the origins, training framework, and empirical evidence of CIT from an international perspective and examines Taiwan’s progress and challenges in legal reform, education and training, and local implementation, such as the Taipei police-fire-health collaboration model. It concludes that CIT should be viewed as a key strategy for integrating public health and social safety systems, and recommends establishing a permanent central cross-sector platform, standardizing training, and developing a nationwide monitoring and follow-up system to ensure sustainable implementation and consistent service quality.