製造共識？台灣媒體在以色列–哈瑪斯衝突初期的地緣政治論述分析（2023年10月～2024年3月）

Manufacturing Consent and Geopolitical Discourse: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Taiwanese Media Coverage during the Early Stage of the Israel–Hamas Conflict, October 2023–March 2024

本文分析2023年10月至2024年3月間，TVBS、公視新聞網PNN、《報導者》與苦勞網對以色列—哈瑪斯戰事的相關報導。研究參照Herman與Chomsky的宣傳模型、Fairclough批判論述分析及Van Dijk社會認知取徑，檢視詞彙、消息來源、事件因果與主體建構。研究發現，四家媒體的差異主要表現在安全敘事、中立形式、脈絡化報導與反權力論述的配置。本文指出，國際新聞中的權力運作常存在於命名、排序、引語位置、消息來源層級與發言權分配之中。

This study examines Taiwanese media coverage of the Israel–Hamas war from October 2023 to March 2024, focusing on TVBS News, PNN, The Reporter, and Coolloud. Drawing on Herman and Chomsky’s propaganda model, Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis, and Van Dijk’s socio-cognitive approach, the article analyzes lexical choices, source attribution, causal framing, and the construction of political subjects. The findings show that the four outlets differ less by fixed media type than by how they organize security narratives, professional neutrality, contextual explanation, humanitarian testimony, and counter-power discourse. TVBS tends to foreground immediate security frames and official sources; PNN relies on attributed neutrality while giving institutional voices greater explanatory authority; The Reporter offers broader historical and humanitarian context but remains shaped by unequal access to direct testimony; Coolloud foregrounds anti-colonial naming, activist sources, and international solidarity. The article argues that power in international news often operates through subtle textual arrangements, including headlines, verb choices, quotation placement, source hierarchy, and the distribution of who may explain violence, responsibility, and suffering.