視聽文化資產保存制度之比較與政策建議

Comparative Analysis and Policy Proposals of Audiovisual Heritage Preservation Systems

臺灣已使用視聽媒材記錄與創作逾百年。視聽作品已成為國家、社會與個人記憶的重要文化載體。然而，由於技術過時、法令限制與制度缺位，造成諸多作品未納入檔案體系與近用受限的窘境。本文採取案例比較法，先分析國際對視聽媒材保存趨勢的觀點，再聚焦法國、義大利、丹麥、加拿大與美國，整理並比較其送存法源、制度設計與執行現況，並回顧臺灣視聽媒材保存現況。綜整各國經驗後，本文指出：法定送存制度為確保文化資產完整保存與公共近用的關鍵工具，應與著作權例外條款及技術支援配套並行。並進一步提出政策建議，包括制定專法或修改現行法令、擴充法定送存範疇、確立保存例外與合理使用條款、強化技術支援與機構協作，以建構一套符合臺灣環境、可長可久的視聽文化資產保存制度。

Audiovisual media has been utilized for documentation and creative purposes in Taiwan for over a century. These materials have become vital carriers of national, societal, and personal memory. However, outdated technologies, legal constraints, and the absence of a comprehensive system have resulted in many works not included in archives and have limited public access. This study adopts a comparative case method, first outlining global perspectives on audiovisual preservation, then analyzing the legal frameworks, system designs, and current practices in France, Italy, Denmark, Canada, and the United States. It also reviews the current status of audiovisual media preservation in Taiwan. Drawing on international experience, this paper argues that a legal deposit system is essential for ensuring the long-term preservation and accessibility of cultural heritage. It must be implemented alongside copyright exceptions and technical supplements. This study concludes with concrete policy recommendations including the establishment of a system for the sustainable preservation of audiovisual heritage in Taiwan.