國內營造業科技輔助墜落危害管理之探討

A Study on the Application of Technology in Fall Hazard Prevention Management for Taiwan’s Construction Industry

本研究以臺灣營造業為研究對象，探討科技輔助管理於墜落危害預防上的應用實務。隨著營造工程規模日益擴大、作業環境與施工方式日趨複雜，高處作業相關之墜落事故頻繁發生，成為工地職業災害之主要類型，防範墜落危害具高度優先性。傳統安全管理手段已難以充分應對複合式風險，因此科技輔助技術（如智慧安全帽、感測設備、人工智慧影像辨識（Artificial Intelligence Image Recognition）與遠端即時監控系統之導入，成為營造業安全管理之重要發展趨勢。本研究透過文獻分析、專家訪談及問卷調查方法，並採用層級分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process，AHP）建構影響科技應用成效之關鍵因素架構。進一步針對實務現場於科技技術導入過程中所面臨之挑戰進行深入剖析。研究結果「人為構面」為最重要影響科技使用成效與科技實務運用的因素，接著依序為「管理構面」、「環境構面」與「制度構面」。根據實務訪談與研究結果顯示，科技在現場的實施落差仍非常明顯，其主因可歸納為「成本考量」、「技術成熟度」、「教育訓練推廣程度」及「法規政策支持」等為影響科技輔助成效之主要因素。基於研究發現，分別針對政府推動政策、營造業者內部管理制度與未來科技技術整合應用等面向，提出具體建議，期能強化營造現場墜落危害之預防效能，促進職場安全文化之建立。

This study focuses on the construction industry in Taiwan and explores the practical application of technology-assisted management in fall hazard prevention. With the increasing scale of construction projects and the growing complexity of work environments and construction methods, falls from heights have frequently become the primary type of occupational accidents on construction sites, highlighting the urgent need for effective fall hazard prevention. Traditional safety management methods are increasingly insufficient to address complex and dynamic risks; therefore, the adoption of technology-assisted solutions such as smart helmets, sensing devices, AI-based image recognition, and real-time monitoring systems has emerged as a crucial development trend in construction safety management. This study employs literature review, expert interviews, and questionnaire surveys, and utilizes the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to construct a framework identifying the key factors influencing the effectiveness of technology applications. Further analysis is conducted on the practical challenges encountered during the implementation of technological interventions at construction sites. The results reveal that the human factor is the most significant determinant affecting both the effectiveness and practicality of technological applications, followed by the management, environmental, and institutional dimensions. The research findings reveal that cost considerations, technological maturity, the extent of education and training promotion, and regulatory policy support are the main factors affecting the success of technology-assisted management. Based on these findings, this study proposes specific recommendations targeting government policy initiatives, internal management practices of construction companies, and future directions for integrated technological applications, aiming to enhance the effectiveness of fall hazard prevention on construction sites and to foster a robust workplace safety culture.