全人健康導向高齡教育型方案之行動研究：高齡者在社區全人健康班實施的教育方案為例

Holistic Health-Oriented Educational Programs for Older Adults: An Action Research in a Community Class Setting

本研究從全人健康觀點探究高齡全人健康方案設計與改進歷程，本方案以全人健康的運動、社會、心理與靈性作為四個教育面向，輔以歷程模式運作，透過高齡者與方案二者連續交互作用，持續反省方案的設計與改進。本方案在某社區健身中心連續實施三個循環的修正歷程，以質性行動研究為分析方法，從十位高齡參與者的訪談和多元資料整理，最終呈現方案的內涵和教學方式。研究結果發現，全人健康方案設計應注重身體運動與身心健康學習的平衡，在運動設計方面，應以高齡者體能考量運動份量，強化力量與伸展的精準鍛鍊，有效改善功能性衰退；全人健康設計與教學，集中老化和帶有省思的教育議題，使方案更具健康老化的教育觀點使高齡者轉化主動學習者，勇於面對老化的考驗及盼望。

This study explores the design and improvement process of a holistic health program for the elderly from a holistic health perspective. The program uses four educational dimensions-physical, social, psychological, and spiritual-as its core, employing a process-based operational model. Through continuous interaction between the elderly and the program, the design and improvement are constantly reflected upon. The program underwent three cycles of refinement at a community fitness center. Using qualitative action research as the analytical method, interviews with ten elderly participants and the analysis of diverse data ultimately revealed the program's content and teaching methods. The results show that the design of a holistic health program should emphasize a balance between physical activity and mental and physical health learning. In terms of exercise design, the intensity of exercise should be considered based on the elderly's physical capabilities, emphasizing precise strength and stretching exercises to effectively improve functional decline. The holistic health design and teaching focus on aging and reflective educational issues, making the program more aligned with a healthy aging perspective, transforming the elderly into active learners, and empowering them to face the challenges and hopes of aging with courage.