探討COVID-19對醫療機構不同屬性工作人員之過負荷差異分析──以新北市某醫學中心為例

Exploring Overload Disparities Among Different Categories of Hospital Workers in Response to COVID-19: A Case Study of the Medical Center in New Taipei City

本研究旨在探討COVID-19疫情對醫療機構不同屬性人員工作負荷的影響，進一步分析疫情期間工作負荷的變化及可能的相關因素。本研究經IRB核准（111131-F），利用新北市某醫學中心2019至2022年員工健檢資料，根據疫情前、初期、中期及後期的不同階段，進行工作負荷差異分析。通過過負荷量表評估，結合人口學與工作屬性變項，進行描述性統計、獨立樣本T檢定與單因子變異數分析，以確定影響因子。疫情前年輕員工的個人相關過負荷分數顯著較高（p <0.01）；疫情初期，離婚、同居及喪偶人員的過負荷分數達到較高程度的負荷範圍（平均69.44±27.74，p <0.05）；疫情中期，需接觸病人的行政人員的個人過負荷分數達嚴重過負荷標準；惟因樣本數較少，僅能保守評估。然而，研究結果顯示，疫情前，行政和服務職類的過負荷平均值相較低於醫護、醫事兩個職類，但疫情初期、中期與後期，其過負荷平均值呈現較高趨勢，顯示非臨床人員於疫情期間亦可能承受較高工作壓力。COVID-19疫情對不同職業類別醫療機構員工的工作負荷有所差異，多數人普遍較為關注醫護或醫事相關人員，然而研究結果顯示，疫情前行政和服務職類之過負荷平均值低於醫護與醫事職類；但疫情初期、中期與後期，其過負荷平均值呈現較高趨勢，顯示非臨床人員於疫情期間亦可能承受較高工作壓力。這些結果表明，針對非臨床人員制定更具針對性的支持措施，對於減少工作負荷及提升工作效能至關重要。

This study aims to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the workload of personnel with different attributes in medical institutions. It further analyzes workload changes during the pandemic and potential related factors. This study, approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB 111131-F), utilizes employee health examination data from the medical center, from 2019 to 2022 to analyze differences in overload scale scores among various demographic groups of employees during the pre-pandemic, initial, middle, and later phases of the pandemic. Before the pandemic, younger employees showed significantly higher personal overwork scores (p < 0.01). During the early pandemic phase, divorced, cohabiting, and widowed individuals experienced high workload scores (mean 69.44±27.74, p < 0.05). In the mid-pandemic period, administrative staff in patient contact scored at severe overload levels, though the small sample size warrants cautious interpretation. Despite having lower pre-pandemic overload scores than clinical staff, their mean overload levels trended higher across all pandemic phases, suggesting that non-clinical personnel may also face significant work stress during health crises. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the workload of healthcare institution employees, with administrative and teaching/research staff being particularly affected. During the mid-pandemic phase, administrative staff interacting with patients experienced severe overload, while post-pandemic data showed persistent risks of overwork among non-clinical personnel. These findings highlight the necessity of targeted support measures for non-clinical staff to alleviate workload and enhance operational efficiency.