菲律賓美軍公墓華文詩作的冷戰思考：以羅門與和權的書寫為討論核心

羅門1962年首刊〈麥堅利堡〉，以菲律賓美軍公墓為題，為冷戰時期具代表性的華文詩作之一。雖曾有專文探討，卻未置於冷戰脈絡，正如臺灣華文文學研究中鮮少觸及菲律賓議題。羅門近三十年後再作同主題詩，亦未納入相關討論。菲律賓詩人和權於冷戰末期，憑地方知識回應羅門之作，創作同題詩篇。作為東南亞唯一曾受美國殖民的國家，菲律賓的地景書寫提供多重反思視角，凸顯臺菲在文化冷戰中的特殊位置。本文透過跨域比較，探討兩位詩人在不同時空下立場由崇美轉向反美、再至反美殖民的變化，並分析地景書寫如何承載冷戰記憶的多重轉化，折射出迥異的景觀與詮釋。

First published in 1962,“Fort McKinley”by Lomen depicts the Manila American Cemetery and stands as a representative Sinophone work on the Philippine experience during the Cold War. Although previously studied, it has not been framed within Cold War scholarship, reflecting the broader omission of the Philippines in Taiwan’s Sinophone studies. Lomen revisited the theme nearly thirty years later, yet both poems remain outside such discussions. In the late Cold War, Filipino poet Benito Tan, drawing on local knowledge, responded with his own poem on the same site. As the only Southeast Asian country once colonized by the United States, the Philippines offers a unique space for landscape writing that enables layered reflection, highlighting the distinctive positions of Taiwan and the Philippines in the cultural Cold War. Through cross-regional comparison, this study examines shifts in stance—from pro- American to anti-American to anti-colonialism—across various contexts, revealing divergent landscapes and interpretations. It analyzes how landscape writing bears the multiple transformations of Cold War memory.