「一位修女的呼喚」：霍普金斯《德意志號沉沒記》中的主體間性

“A sister calling:”Intersubjectivity in Hopkins’s The Wreck of the Deutschland

從傑拉德・曼利・霍普金斯本人的評論中，我們得知他的詩歌為其耶穌會靈修提供了一種表達途徑。在《德意志號沉沒記》（1918）中，他將海難事件作為沉思苦難意義的核心焦點。詩的中心人物是一位高大的修女，她向基督發出的呼喊成為霍普金斯創作能量的凝聚點。詩人以想像力將自身投射進她受苦的情境之中，從而展開了詩中一個關鍵要素。這位高大的修女是天地之間的樞紐，是肉身世界與精神世界之間的橋樑。在努力理解她的主體性本質的過程中，霍普金斯領悟了上帝內在臨在的真理，也同時理解了自身的主體性。

We know from Gerard Manley Hopkins’s own comments that his poetry provided a means to express his Jesuit spirituality. In The Wreck of the Deutschland (1918) he makes the shipwreck a focus for his meditation on the meaning of suffering. At the heart of the poem stands the tall nun, whose cry to Christ provides a focal point for Hopkins’s creative powers. His ability to imaginatively project himself into the scene of her suffering unfolds a key element of the poem. The tall nun is the nexus between heaven and earth, a bridge between the world of the flesh and the world of the spirit. In his struggle to understand the nature of her subjectivity, Hopkins comprehends the truth about the immanence of God and his own subjectivity.