知的權利與公民課責：亞洲國會開放度調查的跨國協作歷程與倡議實踐

The Right to Know and Civic Accountability: The Transnational Co-construction Process and Advocacy Practices of the Asian Parliamentary Openness Index (APOI)

本文記錄「亞洲國會開放度調查」（Asian Parliamentary Openness Index, APOI）計畫自2024年11月啟動的跨國指標共建歷程。計畫由台灣公民監督國會聯盟（CCW）倡議發起，匯聚泰國、菲律賓、印尼、馬來西亞、南韓、日本、斯里蘭卡、柬埔寨及蒙古等地的國會監督組織（PMOs），協力研議亞洲首套跨國國會開放度比較指標。
本文以「斜向問責」（diagonal accountability）理論為分析框架，主張公民社會與媒體對議會的監督，是補充垂直問責（選舉）與水平問責（制衡機制）的關鍵途徑。計畫共建構三個面向――透明度、問責機制、公民參與――共三十一個評估項目。文章說明亞洲各地的監督困境、APOI的計畫緣起與協作架構、各面向的共建歷程，以及普世標準與在地適用之間的方法論張力。首份調查報告預計於2026年8月發布。

This article documents the transnational co-construction process of the Asian Parliamentary Openness Index (APOI), a project launched in November 2024. Initiated by Taiwan’s Citizen Congress Watch (CCW), the project brings together Parliamentary Monitoring Organizations (PMOs) from across Asia, including Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea, Japan, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, and Mongolia, to jointly deliberate and develop the region’s first set of comparative indicators for parliamentary openness.
Drawing on the theory of diagonal accountability, the article argues that oversight by civil society and the media constitutes a key pathway that complements vertical accountability (elections) and horizontal accountability (institutional checks and balances). The APOI framework consists of three dimensions—transparency, accountability mechanisms, and citizen participation—comprising a total of 31 assessment items. The article examines the oversight challenges faced across Asian contexts, the origins and collaborative structure of the APOI project, the co-construction process of each dimension, and the methodological tensions between universal standards and local applicability. The inaugural survey report is scheduled for release in August 2026.