跨年級教學的研究課題與國際趨勢：文獻計量分析

Key Themes and International Trends in Multigrade Teaching: A Study Based on Bibliometric Analysis

臺灣近年來出生人口數下降，學校規模小且班級人數少的情況日趨明顯，跨年級教學成為備受關注的策略。國際上許多國家也經歷類似的演變過程，因此本研究以文獻計量方法分析Scopus資料庫的國際文獻，探討跨年級教學的核心課題與重點趨勢。本研究的重要發現有：1.跨年級教學與「為所有學生提供教育」、「千禧年發展目標」與SDGs優質教育目標等全球教育脈絡密切相關，2.跨年級教學研究是全球關注的議題，不論已開發或發展中國家，3.核心主題與趨勢聚焦在教育創新與跨年級學校、學習成效與教師培訓，以及教學實務與策略等，各國學者以跨年級教學研究展現關懷教育公平，並投入解決師生教與學的問題。最後，根據研究發現對臺灣小規模學校的教學與研究提出建議。

In recent years, the number of births in Taiwan has declined, schools have become increasingly smaller and class sizes have also decreased. Multigrade teaching has become an important strategy for small schools. Many countries around the world are going through a similar process. The purpose of this study was to use bibliometric analysis to analyze the research literature in the Scopus database and explore the key themes and main trends in multigrade teaching. The main findings were: (1) multigrade teaching is closely related to global education contexts such as“education for all”,“Millennium Development Goals”and the quality education goals of the Sustainable Development Goals; (2) multigrade teaching is an important teaching practice implemented in both developed and developing countries. (3) The key themes of multigrade teaching focus on educational innovation in multigrade schools, learning effectiveness and teacher training, as well as teaching practices and strategies. Scholars from various countries have demonstrated their concern for educational equity through multigrade teaching research and are committed to solving the teaching and learning problems of teachers and students. Based on the findings, recommendations were proposed for teaching and research in small schools in Taiwan.