跨領域探討非行青年如何受到低社會自尊的影響及介入策略

Exploring the Impact of Low Social Self-Esteem on Delinquent Youth: A Cross-Disciplinary Perspective on Intervention Strategies

本報告旨在深入剖析低社會自尊對非行青年所產生的多維度影響，特別是其對行為模式、人際關係與身心健康所造成的具體衝擊。本報告之模型假設，非行青年的困境並非僅源於單一因素，而是由家庭功能失調、學業適應不良、同儕關係扭曲以及社會污名化等複雜因素交織而成，而「低社會自尊」正是貫穿其間的核心心理脆弱點。
分析顯示，低自尊並非單純地直接導致偏差行為，其影響路徑更為複雜且充滿中介變數。個體的低自尊往往透過削弱其「自我控制能力」來增加衝動性行為的風險，並可能促使其在偏差同儕群體中尋求認同，從而加劇從眾行為。在人際層面，不穩定的家庭依附關係是導致青年時期的低自尊與向外尋求補償性同儕連結的關鍵。社會污名化則會進一步強化非行青年的「非行者」自我認同，形成難以打破的「自我實現預言」循環。此外，本分析的核心洞見在於，自尊與偏差行為的關係並非簡單的線性關聯，而是呈現一種「U型曲線」，顯示極低自尊與脆弱型高自尊均為偏差行為的風險因子。同時，偏差行為本身也可能作為一種「自尊修復」的嘗試，使得自尊與偏差行為之間形成互為因果的動態關係。
綜上所述，解決非行青年的問題需要跳脫懲戒思維，轉向以心理健康為核心、跨領域協作為基礎的綜合策略。依據文獻回顧提出的建議包括強化家庭親子依附、建構多元化校園支持系統，以及推動司法轉向與修復式司法，以期從根本上預防與介入，幫助青年重建自我價值，回歸主流社會。

This article aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the multidimensional impacts of low social self-esteem on delinquent youth, particularly its concrete effects on behavioral patterns, interpersonal relationships, and psychological and physical well - being. The findings reveal that the predicaments faced by juvenile delinquents do not stem from a single factor, but rather from the complex interplay of family dysfunction, poor academic adjustment, distorted peer relationships, and social stigmatization. Among these, low social self-esteem emerges as the core psychological vulnerability that underlies and connects these risk factors.
The analysis indicates that low self-esteem does not directly lead to deviant behavior in a simple, linear manner; rather, its pathways of influence are complex and mediated by multiple variables. Individuals with low self-esteem often exhibit weakened self-control, which increases the risk of impulsive behaviors and may drive them to seek acceptance within deviant peer groups, thereby reinforcing conformity to delinquent norms. On the interpersonal level, unstable family attachment relationships are a crucial factor contributing to low self-esteem during adolescence, prompting youths to seek compensatory peer affiliations as a substitute for emotional security. Social stigmatization further intensifies the“delinquent self-identity”, creating a self-reinforcing self-fulfilling prophecy that is difficult to break. Moreover, the core insight of this analysis is that the relationship between self-esteem and deviant behavior is not linear but follows a U-shaped curve, indicating that both extremely low self-esteem and fragile high self-esteem can serve as risk factors for deviant conduct. At the same time, deviant behavior itself may function as an attempt at self-esteem restoration, forming a dynamic, bidirectional relationship between self-esteem and deviant behavior.
Overall, addressing the problems faced by delinquent youth requires moving beyond a punishment-oriented mindset and shifting toward a comprehensive strategy centered on mental health and grounded in cross-sector collaboration. Based on the recommendations derived from the literature review, key directions include strengthening parent–child attachment within families, building diversified support systems in schools, and promoting judicial diversion and restorative justice. These efforts aim to prevent and intervene at the roots of delinquency, help young people rebuild self-worth, and facilitate their reintegration into mainstream society.