同儕互動對大學生運動動機與行為之影響──以南部某科技大學為例

A Study on the Relationship Between Peer Interaction and University Students' Motivation and Behavior in Sports

目的：本研究旨在探討同儕互動對大學生運動動機與運動參與行為之影響，並進一步檢驗運動動機在其中所扮演之中介角色。方法：係以南部某科技大學日間部學生為研究對象，以便利抽樣方式進行調查，發放問卷300份，回收有效問卷253份，有效回收率達84％，回收資料透過SPSS for Windows 23.0進行資料分析。結果：研究結果顯示，同儕互動與運動動機（r = .32，p < .05）、運動參與程度（r = .18，p < .05）呈顯著正相關，運動動機亦與運動參與程度間具顯著正向關聯（r = .36，p < .05）。在背景變項方面，性別、是否參與運動社團、是否具運動會員資格及每月生活費水準，均對運動動機或運動參與程度產生顯著差異影響。迴歸分析進一步指出，同儕互動能顯著預測運動動機（β= .32，p < .001），運動動機亦能顯著預測運動參與程度（β= .33，p < .001），而同儕互動對運動參與程度之直接影響則不具顯著性（β= .08，p > .05）。透過中介分析結果驗證，運動動機在同儕互動與運動參與程度之間具有完全中介效果。結論：研究發現凸顯同儕互動透過強化個體運動動機進而促進其實際參與行為之心理歷程，顯示社會支持系統在大學生健康行為發展中之關鍵地位。研究成果除強化相關理論脈絡，亦對未來大學校園推動運動促進與健康教育政策提供具體實證依據。

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the influence of peer interaction on college students’exercise motivation and participation behavior, and further examine the mediating role of exercise motivation in this relationship. Methods: The participants were daytime students from a university of technology in southern Taiwan. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed using a convenience sampling method, and 253 valid responses were collected, yielding a valid return rate of 84%. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows 23.0. Results: The results indicated that peer interaction was significantly positively correlated with exercise motivation (r = .32, p < .05) and exercise participation (r = .18, p < .05), and exercise motivation was significantly positively correlated with exercise participation (r = .36, p < .05). Regarding background variables, gender, participation in sports clubs, possession of gym membership, and monthly living expenses all had significant effects on exercise motivation or exercise participation. Regression analysis further revealed that peer interaction significantly predicted exercise motivation (β= .32, p < .001), and exercise motivation significantly predicted exercise participation (β= .33, p < .001), while the direct effect of peer interaction on exercise participation was not significant (β= .08, p > .05). Mediation analysis confirmed that exercise motivation had a full mediating effect between peer interaction and exercise participation. Conclusion: The findings highlight the psychological process through which peer interaction enhances individual exercise motivation, thereby promoting actual participation behavior. This underscores the critical role of social support systems in the development of health behaviors among college students. The research results not only strengthen relevant theoretical frameworks but also provide concrete empirical evidence for the promotion of exercise and the development of health education policies on university campuses.