禪悅．日常：清初黃媛介《為月人沈夫人畫冊》的重層結構與文本複調

The Joy of Daily Zen Practice: The Multi-layered Structure and Polyphonic Textuality of An Album Painted for the Shen

臺北「何創時書法藝術文教基金會」購藏傳世書畫中，一件珍品——黃媛介《為月人沈夫人畫冊》引起筆者注意。黃媛介為明末清初江南才女，傳世畫作多為山水小幅，以人物為題裁之畫蹟極為罕見。此套《畫冊》乃接獲沈夫人來函囑繪，描摹十種男女雙像主之日常活動。文圖轉譯出禪淨雙修、文人慧業、女藝家計等意涵，以及運用套語修辭、物質陳設與性別視角等圖像特徵構組之多層次文本。作為一位移徙鬻藝維生的女性職業畫家，黃媛介的藝文生產途徑，適切廓描明末江南才女社群交遊幅員與商業贊助樣態，又與當代畫家與文人清課產生緊密的美學聯繫。畫冊既連結明代盛行的禪悅風氣，而月人、媛介與吳琪等士女喜禪，亦可旁證當代女禪師語錄刊入《嘉興藏》的新興現象。《畫冊》繪製時值甲申、乙酉接踵事變後十年，若置於南明政權瞬間覆滅而清軍轄治的江南以觀，遺民的逃禪心曲與雙面性藝文風格，如何扣應這套淡雅平和的《畫冊》？擁有內部物質性形制結構、文圖轉譯與套語修辭的多層次文本結構，還包括外部人際網絡交織而成的社群結構，以及身處同代知音並世的情感結構。作者細致考察黃媛介傳世稀珍的《為月人沈夫人畫冊》鋪就出禪悅日常的文圖敘事，並以內外疊合的重層結構與多音彈奏的文本複調，啟引吾人一個近代文化轉型的觀照。

The album Painted for the Shen沈Couple by Huang Yuanjie黃媛介, preserved in the Taipei He Chuang-Shih何創時Calligraphy Foundation, stands out among the foundation’s treasured calligraphy and painting collections. Huang Yuanjie黃媛介, a talented woman of Jiangnan江南in premodern China, is best known for her small-scale landscape paintings; figure paintings by her are exceedingly rare. This particular album was produced at the request of Madam Shen沈, who wrote to commission the work. It comprises ten scenes depicting the daily lives of the male and female subjects. Through the interplay of poetry and image, it translates themes such as Zen practice, literary composition, and women’s artistic practice, while employing set phrases, material elements, and gendered perspectives to construct a multi-layered textuality. As a professional female artist who sustained herself by selling poetry and paintings, Huang Yuanjie’s modes of artistic production vividly reflect the social networks of Jiangnan talented women of her time, as well as the conditions of commercial patronage. Her painting style also maintained close aesthetic connections with contemporary literati and artists. This album embodies a complex, stratified structure: internally, it integrates material form, the intermedial translation between text and image, and the rhetoric of conventionalized expressions; externally, it is embedded within intersecting social networks and shared the contemporaries’structure of feeling. This study undertakes a close examination of the the multi-layered structure and polyphonic textuality of an album painted for the Shen沈Couple, hoping to provide a point of reference for research on cultural transformation in the early modern period.