戰後臺灣與世界既近又遠的關係：巴黎外方傳教會花蓮傳教研究的新試探

Taiwan and the World in Post-War Times: New Observations on the Ministry of the MissionsÉtrangères de Paris in Hualien

巴黎外方傳教會（MissionsÉtrangères de Paris）從1950年代起開啟在臺灣東岸的傳教。外方會的法國神父們推展福音傳遞，幫助在戰後物質條件窘困的原住民族發展教會組織和提升教育等。過去學界對臺灣天主教發展的調查，多論及當代宗教世俗化和政經社會等關係的變遷。本文提出兩個不同的主題：第一是以傳教士為中心的教區發展，放入臺灣教會發展的時間向度討論，則見第一個外方會發展的黃金十年（約1952-1963），神父個人的主導具關鍵性。第二主題，花東天主教的內容是一個未被深入研究的領域，花蓮教區上百間聖堂即是具體史料。本文以花蓮轄區的104間聖堂為主，提出教堂建置與圖像學觀察，分別就聖母像問題和建堂命名、耶穌圖像相關改動、和禮儀與教堂風格等三個方面，進行討論。本研究希冀以新的觀察，呼應晚近對外國宗教與原住民族在宗教文化互動（非僅社會變遷）上的關注。

The MissionsÉtrangères de Paris (MEP) started its mission to the East Coast of Taiwan in the 1950s. The MEP fathers promoted evangelization and helped the aboriginals, then in poor material conditions, through the development of churches and education. Past research on Catholicism in Taiwan mainly discussed the issues regarding religious secularization and its relationships to social and political evolution in contemporary Taiwan. This article proposes two different subjects. The first concerns the development of the churches and parishes surrounding the foreign missionary as the center, which are contextualized in the time frame of Taiwan’s church history. The first decade of MEP’s golden age (1952-1963) can be thus seen through the crucial role played by individual fathers. The second subject is focused on East Taiwan’s Catholicism with the sources of this research being Hualien’s parish churches. This article references 104 churches as examples, investigating questions about the church or parish building and their iconography. This research looks at such aspects as the Madonna image and the naming of the churches, alternation and modification concerning Christ’s imagery, and rituals and style in the church. This article intends to echo recent scholarly concerns with cultural and religious encounters between missionaries and aboriginals, not merely examined from the past societal perspectives.