幼兒園用藥安全檢核表建構之研究

A Study of the Construction of Medication Safety Checklist for Preschools

目的：研究旨在建構符合醫療要求同時能在幼兒園實務上確實可行的「幼兒園用藥安全檢核表」提供幼兒園建立託藥措施時參考。方法：第一階段結構式訪談25位幼兒園實務工作者。第二階段邀請11位異質性專家組成「改良式德懷術小組」進行三回合改良式德懷術調查。第二回合始為一致性與穩定性訂定標準，以描述性統計採用次數分配表、眾數、算術平均數與四分位差分析量性資料，並忠實呈現多元意見，直至專家意見達到穩定。結果：建立「幼兒園用藥安全架構」並建構「幼兒園用藥安全檢核表」，包含「行政-託藥規範」、「行政-託藥單與紀錄」、「行政-課程與資訊」、「環境-藥物管理」、「執行-藥物管理」、「執行-給藥流程」六大部分，共計37個檢核項目。結論：幼兒的用藥安全環環相扣且涵蓋範圍廣泛，研究結果供幼兒園修訂託藥措施時參考，建議有關單位完善相關法規、建立公版範例與衛教文本、推廣兒童專用製劑、重新審視幼兒用藥的適切性。

Objectives. This study aims to construct a comprehensive medication safety checklist specifically tailored for preschools, ensuring that it meets the requirements of the medical profession while being feasible for implementation in preschool practice, and provide a reference for preschools to establish measures of medication care.
Methods. In the first stage, structured interviews were conducted with 25 preschool practitioners. In the second stage, 11 preschool practitioners and nursing and pharmacology experts were invited to form a heterogeneous Delphi group to conduct a three-round modified Delphi survey. During the second round, criteria for consistency and stability were established, and quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including the calculated the number of times of each score, mode, arithmetic mean, and interquartile range, and the multiple opinions was faithfully presented until the expert opinion reached stability.
Results. A preschool medication safety framework was established, culminating in the construction of a medication safety checklist that consists of six key components: ''Administrative-Medication Care Specifications'', ''Administrative-Medication Orders and Records'', ''Administrative-Curriculum and Information'', ''Environment-Medication Management '', ''Implementation-Medication Management'', ''Implementation-Administration Process'', totaling 37 inspection items.
Conclusion. Medication safety for young children is closely linked and involves a wide range of issues. The results of the study are used as a reference for preschools to revise the measures of medication care, and it is suggested that relevant authorities update associated regulations, establish public models and health education resources, promote child-specific pharmaceutical formulations, and encourage medical institutions to reassess the appropriateness of pediatric medication.