龍巖新羅區適中鎮閩南方言的音系演變

The Phonology Change of Longyan Shizhong Southern-Min Dialect

龍巖適中話位於閩南西片方言區，因閩客接觸與閩語自身的系統壓力造成音韻變遷，起因於語言接觸的音變是本區最鮮明的特徵。從平面系統觀察，適中話最特殊的是有-i、-I對立的元音系統，而-u、-□對立看似與泉音相近，但彼此的屬字全然不同。
適中話發生的每項歷史音變，在閩南西片內部各地都有不同程度的異同。從音變的地理分佈來觀察，共有三種模式：第一種是所有閩南西片方言都出現的音變，第二種是只見於龍巖、未見於漳平的音變，第三種則是龍巖及漳平部份地區出現的音變。音變的地理分佈呼應本區的歷史及社會變遷。
除了接觸而導致的音變外，適中話「蟻」、「艾」白讀為sua，大異於廈漳泉的hia，從（1）閩南同源詞對應為ua：ia以及（2）適中話-u-介音前出現顎化聲母，顯示閩南話「蟻」、「艾」二字古代讀-iu-介音，其變化是ŋiuã＞hiuã＞hiua＞siua＞sua。

Longyan（ 龍巖）Shizhong（ 適中）dialect lies in the western district of Southern-Min. The major feature of this zone is contact-induced sound changes, which result from contact with Hakka and the systemic pressure of Min itself. From the synchronic point of view, the most special feature of Shizhong is its vowel system, which has -i and -I. Vowel -u and -□ are similar to Quanzhou（泉州）dialect, but the words pronouncing these rhymes are totally different.
Each historical sound change of Shizhong has some differences and similarities within different parts of the west district of Southern-Min. According to geographical distribution, sound changes of Shizhong can be categorized into three types. The first type is the changes which every part of the zone had undergone. The second type is the changes which only occurred in Longyan dialects. The third type is the changes occurred in some Longyan and Zhangping（漳平）dialects. The geographical distribution of sound change reflects historical and societal transition of this zone.
The words of ‘ant’（蟻）and ‘moxa’（艾）in Shizhong dialect are pronounced as ［sua］, which are very different from ［hia］ in Xia, Zhang, Quan（廈漳泉）dialects. It shows that ‘ant’ and ‘moxa’ had medial -iu- in ancient time because（1）the corresponding cognates is ua:ia, and（2）the palatal initial is in front of -u- in Shizhong dialect. Change of these two words was ŋiuã＞hiuã＞hiua＞siua＞sua.